וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם זֶ֤ה הַגֹּוי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽוא־שָׁמְע֗וּ בְּקֹול֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א לָקְח֖וּ מוּסָ֑ר אָֽבְדָה֙ הָֽאֱמוּנָ֔ה וְנִכְרְתָ֖ה מִפִּיהֶֽם׃ ס
And you shall say to them, ‘This is the nation that did not listen to the voice of YHWH its God, and did not accept discipline; faithfulness has perished and is cut off from their mouth.
Morphology
- וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ (ve-amarta) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav; Translation: “And you shall say”; Notes: Instruction to the prophet to proclaim the divine indictment.
- אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם (aleihem) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel or Yehudah.
- זֶ֤ה (zeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “This”; Notes: Introduces the subject under indictment.
- הַגֹּוי֙ (ha-goy) – Root: גוי; Form: Definite masculine singular noun; Translation: “the nation”; Notes: Used pejoratively here for Yisraʾel.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause modifying “nation.”
- לֹֽוא־שָׁמְע֗וּ (lo-shamʿu) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “did not listen”; Notes: Denotes disobedience or rebellion.
- בְּקֹול֙ (be-qol) – Root: קול; Form: Preposition + masculine singular noun; Translation: “to the voice of”; Notes: Often used in covenantal contexts referring to obedience to YHWH.
- יְהוָ֣ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- אֱלֹהָ֔יו (Elohav) – Root: אלוה; Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “its God”; Notes: Indicates personal relationship between the nation and YHWH.
- וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Further denial of obedient response.
- לָקְח֖וּ (laqḥu) – Root: לקח; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they received” / “they accepted”; Notes: Refers to moral or spiritual acceptance.
- מוּסָ֑ר (musar) – Root: יסר; Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “discipline”; Notes: Refers to correction, instruction, or chastisement.
- אָֽבְדָה֙ (ʾavdah) – Root: אבד; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has perished”; Notes: Refers to something irretrievably lost.
- הָֽאֱמוּנָ֔ה (ha-ʾemunah) – Root: אמן; Form: Definite feminine singular noun; Translation: “the faithfulness”; Notes: Could also imply truth, integrity, or reliability.
- וְנִכְרְתָ֖ה (ve-nikhr’tah) – Root: כרת; Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and is cut off”; Notes: Passive form indicating removal or eradication.
- מִפִּיהֶֽם (mi-pihem) – Root: פה; Form: Preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “from their mouth”; Notes: Suggests speech no longer marked by truth or trustworthiness.