וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף יְהֹושֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁכֶ֑מָה וַיִּקְרָא֩ לְזִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּלְרָאשָׁ֗יו וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ וּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יו וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
And Yehoshua gathered all the tribes of Yisraʾel to Shekhem and called for the elders of Yisraʾel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers, and they presented themselves before God.
Morphology
- וַיֶּאֶסֹ֧ף (va-ye’esof) – Root: אסף (asaf); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he gathered”; Notes: Describes an action in the narrative.
- יְהֹושֻׁ֛עַ (Yehoshua) – Root: יהושע (Yehoshua); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: Refers to the leader of Yisra’el.
- אֶת־כָּל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י (et-kol-shivtei) – Root: שבט (shevet); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “all the tribes of”; Notes: Refers to the twelve tribes of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Yisra’el.
- שְׁכֶ֑מָה (Shekhem) – Root: שכם (Shekhem); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shekhem”; Notes: A significant city in biblical history.
- וַיִּקְרָא֩ (va-yiqra) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he called”; Notes: Describes Yehoshua’s action.
- לְזִקְנֵ֨י (le-ziknei) – Root: זקן (zaqen); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “to the elders of”; Notes: Refers to the senior leaders.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: The subject nation.
- וּלְרָאשָׁ֗יו (u-le-roshav) – Root: ראש (rosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and for their heads”; Notes: Refers to tribal leaders.
- וּלְשֹֽׁפְטָיו֙ (u-le-shoftav) – Root: שפט (shafat); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and for their judges”; Notes: Refers to those who administrate justice.
- וּלְשֹׁ֣טְרָ֔יו (u-le-shotrav) – Root: שוטר (shoter); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and for their officers”; Notes: Those responsible for enforcing decisions.
- וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ (va-yityatzvu) – Root: יצב (yatzav); Form: Hitpael imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they presented themselves”; Notes: Indicates formal gathering.
- לִפְנֵ֥י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates position or reverence.
- הָאֱלֹהִֽים (ha-Elohim) – Root: אלהים (Elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “God”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.