וַיִּכְתֹּ֤ב יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ֙ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה בְּסֵ֖פֶר תֹּורַ֣ת אֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶ֣בֶן גְּדֹולָ֔ה וַיְקִימֶ֣הָ שָּׁ֔ם תַּ֚חַת הָֽאַלָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּמִקְדַּ֥שׁ יְהוָֽה׃ ס
And Yehoshua wrote these words in the book of the Torah of God, and he took a great stone and set it up there under the oak that was in the sanctuary of YHWH.
Morphology
- וַיִּכְתֹּ֤ב (vayikhtov) – Root: כתב (katav); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he wrote”; Notes: Refers to Yehoshua recording the covenant.
- יְהֹושֻׁ֨עַ (Yehoshua) – Root: יהושע (Yehoshua); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים (et-haddevarim) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine plural definite; Translation: “the words”; Notes: Direct object of the verb.
- הָאֵ֔לֶּה (haʾelleh) – Root: אלה (elleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Modifies “words.”
- בְּסֵ֖פֶר (besefer) – Root: ספר (sefer); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “in a book”; Notes: Indicates the medium of writing.
- תֹּורַ֣ת (torat) – Root: תורה (torah); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “Torah of”; Notes: Construct state modifying Elohim.
- אֱלֹהִ֑ים (Elohim) – Root: אלהים (Elohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural (used singularly); Translation: “Elohim”; Notes: Divine reference.
- וַיִּקַּח֙ (vayyiqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he took”; Notes: Describes Yehoshua’s further actions.
- אֶ֣בֶן (even) – Root: אבן (even); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a stone”; Notes: Direct object of the verb.
- גְּדֹולָ֔ה (gedolah) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Describes the stone.
- וַיְקִימֶ֣הָ (vayeqimeha) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular + suffix 3rd feminine singular; Translation: “and he set it up”; Notes: Hiphil causative.
- שָּׁ֔ם (sham) – Root: שם (sham); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Specifies location.
- תַּ֚חַת (taḥat) – Root: תחת (taḥat); Form: Preposition; Translation: “under”; Notes: Describes placement.
- הָֽאַלָּ֔ה (haʾallah) – Root: אלה (allah); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “the oak”; Notes: Designates the tree under which the stone was placed.
- אֲשֶׁ֖ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- בְּמִקְדַּ֥שׁ (bemikdash) – Root: מקדש (mikdash); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “in the sanctuary of”; Notes: Refers to a sacred place.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.