לֹֽא־תַעֲשֹׁ֥ק אֶת־רֵֽעֲךָ֖ וְלֹ֣א תִגְזֹ֑ל לֹֽא־תָלִ֞ין פְּעֻלַּ֥ת שָׂכִ֛יר אִתְּךָ֖ עַד־בֹּֽקֶר׃
You shall not oppress your neighbor or rob him; the wages of a hired worker shall not remain with you until morning.
Morphology
- לֹֽא־תַעֲשֹׁ֥ק (lo-taʿashoq) – Root: עשק (ʿ-sh-q); Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You shall not oppress”; Notes: Refers to unfair treatment or exploitation.
- אֶת־רֵֽעֲךָ֖ (et-reʿakha) – Root: רֵעַ (r-ʿ); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your neighbor”; Notes: Refers to a fellow member of the community.
- וְלֹ֣א תִגְזֹ֑ל (ve-lo tigzol) – Root: גזל (g-z-l); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “And you shall not rob”; Notes: Prohibits taking by force what belongs to another.
- לֹֽא־תָלִ֞ין (lo-talin) – Root: לין (l-y-n); Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall not remain overnight”; Notes: Refers to withholding payment beyond the agreed time.
- פְּעֻלַּ֥ת (pe’ullat) – Root: פעל (p-ʿ-l); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “The wages”; Notes: Denotes payment earned for work done.
- שָׂכִ֛יר (sakhir) – Root: שכר (s-k-r); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “A hired worker”; Notes: Refers to someone employed for wages.
- אִתְּךָ֖ (ittekha) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “With you”; Notes: Indicates responsibility or possession.
- עַד־בֹּֽקֶר (ʿad-boker) – Root: בקר (b-q-r); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “Until morning”; Notes: Specifies the deadline for payment.