וְלֹֽא־תִשָּׁבְע֥וּ בִשְׁמִ֖י לַשָּׁ֑קֶר וְחִלַּלְתָּ֛ אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
You shall not swear falsely by My name, thereby profaning the name of your God; I am YHWH.
Morphology
- וְלֹֽא־תִשָּׁבְע֥וּ (ve-lo tishav’u) – Root: שׁבע (sh-b-ʿ); Form: Conjunction + negative particle + Nifal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall not swear”; Notes: Refers to making an oath.
- בִשְׁמִ֖י (bi-shmi) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “By My name”; Notes: Indicates the use of YHWH’s name in an oath.
- לַשָּׁ֑קֶר (la-shaqer) – Root: שׁקר (sh-q-r); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “Falsely”; Notes: Denotes deceit or untruthfulness.
- וְחִלַּלְתָּ֛ (ve-chillalta) – Root: חלל (ḥ-l-l); Form: Conjunction + Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “And you profane”; Notes: Indicates desecration or disrespect.
- אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם (et-shem) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “The name”; Notes: Refers to the divine name of YHWH.
- אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ (Eloheikha) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your God”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the personal deity.
- אֲנִ֥י (ani) – Root: אנ (ʾ-n); Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s authority.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal and covenantal name of God.