כָּל־אִ֞ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־בֹּ֣ו מ֗וּם מִזֶּ֨רַע֙ אַהֲרֹ֣ן הַכֹּהֵ֔ן לֹ֣א יִגַּ֔שׁ לְהַקְרִ֖יב אֶת־אִשֵּׁ֣י יְהוָ֑ה מ֣וּם בֹּ֔ו אֵ֚ת לֶ֣חֶם אֱלֹהָ֔יו לֹ֥א יִגַּ֖שׁ לְהַקְרִֽיב׃
Any man of the descendants of Aharon the priest who has a defect shall not draw near to offer the offerings of YHWH; he has a defect. He shall not draw near to offer the food of his God.
Morphology
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כלל (k-l-l); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “Every” or “any”; Notes: Introduces an all-encompassing condition.
- אִ֞ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Man”; Notes: Refers to an individual of the descendants.
- אֲשֶׁר־ (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a descriptive clause.
- בֹּ֣ו (bo) – Root: בו (b-w); Form: Preposition + pronominal suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “In him”; Notes: Specifies the condition of having a defect.
- מ֗וּם (mum) – Root: מום (m-w-m); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Defect”; Notes: Indicates a physical imperfection or blemish.
- מִזֶּ֨רַע֙ (mi-zera) – Root: זרע (z-r-ʿ); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “Of the descendants”; Notes: Refers to lineage or offspring.
- אַהֲרֹ֣ן (Aharon) – Root: Proper name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Aharon”; Notes: Refers to the priestly lineage.
- הַכֹּהֵ֔ן (ha-kohen) – Root: כהן (k-h-n); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The priest”; Notes: Specifies the role of Aharon.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Shall not”; Notes: Prohibits the action of approaching.
- יִגַּ֔שׁ (yigash) – Root: נגש (n-g-sh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Draw near”; Notes: Indicates physical approach to the altar.
- לְהַקְרִ֖יב (lehakriv) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “To offer”; Notes: Refers to the act of presenting offerings.
- אֶת־ (et) – Form: Direct object marker; Notes: Introduces the object of the verb.
- אִשֵּׁ֣י (ishei) – Root: אשה (ʾ-sh-h); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “Offerings”; Notes: Refers to offerings made by fire.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: Proper name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the covenantal name of God.
- מ֣וּם (mum) – Root: מום (m-w-m); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Defect”; Notes: Reiterates the prohibition based on physical blemish.
- בֹּ֔ו (bo) – Root: בו (b-w); Form: Preposition + pronominal suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “In him”; Notes: Reinforces the condition.
- אֵ֚ת (et) – Form: Direct object marker; Notes: Introduces the object of the verb.
- לֶ֣חֶם (lechem) – Root: לחם (l-ḥ-m); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Food”; Notes: Refers to offerings as sustenance.
- אֱלֹהָ֔יו (Elohav) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “His God”; Notes: Indicates the relationship with the deity.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Shall not”; Notes: Reiterates prohibition.
- יִגַּ֖שׁ (yigash) – Root: נגש (n-g-sh); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Draw near”; Notes: Repeats the restriction.
- לְהַקְרִֽיב (lehakriv) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “To offer”; Notes: Completes the clause.