Micah 1:11

עִבְרִ֥י לָכֶ֛ם יֹושֶׁ֥בֶת שָׁפִ֖יר עֶרְיָה־בֹ֑שֶׁת לֹ֤א יָֽצְאָה֙ יֹושֶׁ֣בֶת צַֽאֲנָ֔ן מִסְפַּד֙ בֵּ֣ית הָאֵ֔צֶל יִקַּ֥ח מִכֶּ֖ם עֶמְדָּתֹֽו׃

Pass over for yourselves O inhabitant of Shafir in nakedness of shame the inhabitant of Tsaʿanan did not come out the lamentation of Beit Haʾetzel shall take from you its standing.

Morphology

1. עִבְרִי (ivri) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal imperative 2fs; Translation: “Pass over”; Notes: Addressed to the feminine “inhabitant”; command to depart or move on.
2. לָכֶם (lakhem) – Root: כם (khem); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 2mp; Translation: “for yourselves”; Notes: Reflexive nuance; emphasizes self-concerned departure.
3. יֹושֶׁבֶת (yoshevet) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “inhabitant”; Notes: Personified reference to the town’s population.
4. שָׁפִיר (Shafir) – Root: שׁפר (shafar); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shafir”; Notes: Means “beautiful,” contrasting with coming shame.
5. עֶרְיָה (ʿeryah) – Root: ערה (ʿarah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “nakedness”; Notes: Symbol of humiliation in judgment.
6. בֹשֶׁת (boshet) – Root: בושׁ (bosh); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “shame”; Notes: Completes the expression “nakedness of shame.”
7. לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “did not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
8. יָצְאָה (yats’ah) – Root: יצא (yatsa’); Form: Qal perfect 3fs; Translation: “she went out”; Notes: Refers to the town’s inability to respond or escape.
9. יֹושֶׁבֶת (yoshevet) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “inhabitant”; Notes: A second town addressed with personification.
10. צַאֲנָן (Tsaʿanan) – Root: צען (tsaʿan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Tsaʿanan”; Notes: Town name possibly related to “going out,” creating wordplay with “did not go out.”
11. מִסְפַּד (mispad) – Root: ספד (safad); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “lamentation”; Notes: Mourning that has overtaken the region.
12. בֵּית (beit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “house of”; Notes: Part of the place-name Beit Haʾetzel.
13. הָאֵצֶל (ha-’etzel) – Root: אצל (’atsel); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “Haʾetzel”; Notes: A locality whose name may hint at “side” or “neighboring place.”
14. יִקַּח (yiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqah); Form: Qal imperfect 3ms; Translation: “shall take”; Notes: Indicates removal or deprivation.
15. מִכֶּם (mi-kem) – Root: כם (khem); Form: Preposition מִן + suffix 2mp; Translation: “from you”; Notes: Direct impact upon the surrounding populace.
16. עֶמְדָּתוֹ (ʿemdato) – Root: עמד (ʿamad); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3ms; Translation: “its standing”; Notes: Refers to stability or support withdrawn due to calamity.