וְהָיָ֣ה בְּאַחֲרִ֣ית הַיָּמִ֗ים יִ֠הְיֶה הַ֣ר בֵּית־יְהוָ֤ה נָכֹון֙ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ הֶהָרִ֔ים וְנִשָּׂ֥א ה֖וּא מִגְּבָעֹ֑ות וְנָהֲר֥וּ עָלָ֖יו עַמִּֽים׃
And it shall be in the latter days the mountain of the house of YHWH shall be established at the head of the mountains and it shall be lifted up from the hills and peoples shall stream upon it.
Morphology
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) — Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it shall be”; Notes: Introduces a prophetic future scene.
- בְּאַחֲרִית (be-aḥarit) — Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “in the latter”; Notes: Refers to an eschatological timeframe.
- הַיָּמִים (ha-yamim) — Root: יום (yom); Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “the days”; Notes: Completes the phrase “in the latter days.”
- יִהְיֶה (yihyeh) — Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Describes the future state of the mountain.
- הַר (har) — Root: הר (har); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “the mountain”; Notes: Refers to the Temple Mount.
- בֵּית־יְהוָה (beit-YHWH) — Root: בית (bayit) + יהוה (YHWH); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + divine name; Translation: “of the house of YHWH”; Notes: The Temple.
- נָכֹון (nakhon) — Root: כון (kun); Form: Nifal participle masculine singular; Translation: “established”; Notes: Conveys firmness and divine placement.
- בְּרֹאשׁ (be-rosh) — Root: ראשׁ (rosh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “at the head of”; Notes: Indicates elevated position above others.
- הֶהָרִים (he-harim) — Root: הר (har); Form: Definite article הַ (assimilated) + noun masculine plural; Translation: “the mountains”; Notes: Contrasts with the exalted Temple Mount.
- וְנִשָּׂא (ve-nissa) — Root: נשא (nasaʾ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it shall be lifted up”; Notes: Passive elevation by divine action.
- הוּא (hu) — Root: הוא (hu); Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “it”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject mountain.
- מִגְּבָעֹות (mi-gevʿot) — Root: גבע (gevʿah); Form: Preposition מִן (assimilated form מִ) + noun feminine plural; Translation: “from the hills”; Notes: Indicates elevation above surrounding terrain.
- וְנָהֲרוּ (ve-naharu) — Root: נהר (nahar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shall stream”; Notes: Wordplay: nations flow upward like a river—paradoxical motion toward God.
- עָלָיו (ʿalav) — Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “upon it”; Notes: Refers to the exalted mountain of YHWH.
- עַמִּים (ʿammim) — Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “peoples”; Notes: Gentile nations drawn to YHWH’s presence.