ק֧וּמִי וָדֹ֣ושִׁי בַת־צִיֹּ֗ון כִּֽי־קַרְנֵ֞ךְ אָשִׂ֤ים בַּרְזֶל֙ וּפַרְסֹתַ֨יִךְ֙ אָשִׂ֣ים נְחוּשָׁ֔ה וַהֲדִקֹּ֖ות עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וְהַחֲרַמְתִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ בִּצְעָ֔ם וְחֵילָ֖ם לַאֲדֹ֥ון כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
Rise and thresh O daughter of Tsiyyon for your horn I will make iron and your hooves I will make bronze and you shall crush many peoples and I will devote their gain to YHWH and their wealth to the Lord of all the earth.
Morphology
- קוּמִי (qumi) — Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “rise”; Notes: Command to act decisively, addressed to the daughter of Tsiyyon.
- וָדֹושִׁי (va-doshi) — Root: דושׁ (dush); Form: Conjunction וָ + Qal imperative 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and thresh”; Notes: Agricultural metaphor for executing judgment.
- בַּת־צִיּוֹן (bat-Tsiyyon) — Root: בת (bat) + ציון (Tsiyyon); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “daughter of Tsiyyon”; Notes: Personification of the people of Tsiyyon.
- כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the commands.
- קַרְנֵךְ (qarnekh) — Root: קרן (qeren); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + suffix 2fs; Translation: “your horn”; Notes: Symbol of strength or power.
- אָשִׂים (asim) — Root: שים (sim); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will make / I will place”; Notes: Divine promise of empowerment.
- בַּרְזֶל (barzel) — Root: ברזל (barzel); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “iron”; Notes: Represents unbreakable strength.
- וּפַרְסֹתַיִךְ (u-farsotayikh) — Root: פרס (paras); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun feminine dual + suffix 2fs; Translation: “and your hooves”; Notes: Imagery from threshing oxen.
- אָשִׂים (asim) — Root: שים (sim); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will make”; Notes: Repeated for parallel emphasis.
- נְחוּשָׁה (neḥushah) — Root: נחשת (neḥoshet); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “bronze”; Notes: A metal associated with durability.
- וַהֲדִקּוֹת (va-hadikkot) — Root: דקק (daqaq); Form: Conjunction וַ + Hifil imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and you shall crush”; Notes: Crushing as with hooves upon grain.
- עַמִּים (ʿammim) — Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “peoples”; Notes: Nations subject to divine judgment.
- רַבִּים (rabbim) — Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Indicates a large number of nations.
- וְהַחֲרַמְתִּי (ve-haḥaramti) — Root: חרם (ḥaram); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hifil perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will devote / ban”; Notes: Refers to placing under ḥerem for YHWH.
- לַיהוָה (la-YHWH) — Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition לְ + divine name; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Indicates consecration to YHWH alone.
- בִּצְעָם (bitzʿam) — Root: בצע (betzaʿ); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3mp; Translation: “their gain / their spoil”; Notes: The plunder obtained from the nations.
- וְחֵילָם (ve-ḥeilam) — Root: חיל (ḥayil); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular + suffix 3mp; Translation: “and their wealth”; Notes: Material resources of the nations.
- לַאֲדֹון (la-adon) — Root: אדן (adon); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the Lord”; Notes: Title emphasizing sovereignty.
- כָּל־הָאָרֶץ (kol-ha-aretz) — Root: ארץ (erets); Form: Noun כֹּל + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “of all the earth”; Notes: Declares YHWH’s universal rule.