וְכִפֶּ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֗ן עַל־הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ הַשֹּׁגֶ֛גֶת בְּחֶטְאָ֥ה בִשְׁגָגָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה לְכַפֵּ֥ר עָלָ֖יו וְנִסְלַ֥ח לֹֽו׃
And the priest shall make atonement for the person who sinned unintentionally in his unintentional sin before YHWH, to atone for him, and he shall be forgiven.
Morphology
- וְכִפֶּ֣ר (ve-khipper) – Root: כפר (k-p-r); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he shall make atonement”; Notes: Refers to the priest’s ritual action.
- הַכֹּהֵ֗ן (ha-kohen) – Root: כהן (k-h-n); Form: Definite singular noun; Translation: “The priest”; Notes: Subject of the verb, performing the atonement.
- עַל־הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ (al-ha-nefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Preposition + definite singular noun; Translation: “For the person”; Notes: Refers to the individual needing atonement.
- הַשֹּׁגֶ֛גֶת (ha-shogegget) – Root: שגג (sh-g-g); Form: Definite feminine singular participle; Translation: “Who sinned unintentionally”; Notes: Describes the person’s unintentional sin.
- בְּחֶטְאָ֥ה (be-chetaʾah) – Root: חטא (ḥ-t-ʾ); Form: Preposition + feminine singular noun; Translation: “In the sin”; Notes: Specifies the type of wrongdoing.
- בִשְׁגָגָ֖ה (bi-shegagah) – Root: שגג (sh-g-g); Form: Preposition + feminine singular noun; Translation: “Unintentionally”; Notes: Further clarifies the unintentional nature of the sin.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition + plural construct noun; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates presence or submission to YHWH.
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the name of God.
- לְכַפֵּ֥ר (le-khapper) – Root: כפר (k-p-r); Form: Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “To atone”; Notes: Purpose clause for the priest’s action.
- עָלָ֖יו (alav) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “For them”; Notes: Refers to the individual receiving atonement.
- וְנִסְלַ֥ח (ve-nislach) – Root: סלח (s-l-ḥ); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And they shall be forgiven”; Notes: Outcome of the atonement.
- לֹֽו (lo) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “For him”; Notes: Emphasizes the recipient of forgiveness.