אִ֣ישׁ עַל־דִּגְלֹ֤ו בְאֹתֹת֙ לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֔ם יַחֲנ֖וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִנֶּ֕גֶד סָבִ֥יב לְאֹֽהֶל־מֹועֵ֖ד יַחֲנֽוּ׃
Each man by his banner, with signs for the house of their fathers, shall the sons of Yisra’el camp, facing around the Tent of Meeting shall they camp.
Morphology
- אִ֣ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Each man”; Notes: Refers to individuals within the encampment.
- עַל־ (al) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition; Translation: “By”; Notes: Indicates location relative to the banner.
- דִּגְלֹ֤ו (diglo) – Root: דגל (d-g-l); Form: Masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His banner”; Notes: Refers to the tribal standard or flag.
- בְאֹתֹת֙ (be-otot) – Root: אות (ʾ-w-t); Form: Feminine plural noun with preposition; Translation: “With signs”; Notes: Refers to distinguishing markers for each tribe.
- לְבֵ֣ית (le-veit) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Masculine singular construct noun with preposition; Translation: “For the house of”; Notes: Refers to tribal divisions by family.
- אֲבֹתָ֔ם (avotam) – Root: אב (‘-v); Form: Masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Their fathers”; Notes: Refers to ancestral lineage.
- יַחֲנ֖וּ (yachanu) – Root: חנה (ḥ-n-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “Shall camp”; Notes: Refers to their encampment arrangement.
- בְּנֵ֣י (bnei) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Masculine plural construct noun; Translation: “The sons of”; Notes: Refers to the descendants of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (y-s-r-ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
- מִנֶּ֕גֶד (mi-neged) – Root: נגד (n-g-d); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Facing”; Notes: Indicates direction relative to the Tent of Meeting.
- סָבִ֥יב (saviv) – Root: סבב (s-b-b); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Around”; Notes: Refers to the surrounding arrangement.
- לְאֹֽהֶל־מֹועֵ֖ד (le-ohel-mo’ed) – Root: אהל (ʾ-h-l) + עד (m-ʿ-d); Form: Masculine singular construct noun with preposition; Translation: “To the Tent of Meeting”; Notes: Refers to the central sanctuary of YHWH.
- יַחֲנֽוּ׃ (yachanu) – Root: חנה (ḥ-n-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “Shall they camp”; Notes: Concludes the description of their encampment.