וְאִם־הָפֵר֩ יָפֵ֨ר אֹתָ֥ם אִישָׁהּ֮ בְּיֹ֣ום שָׁמְעֹו֒ כָּל־מֹוצָ֨א שְׂפָתֶ֧יהָ לִנְדָרֶ֛יהָ וּלְאִסַּ֥ר נַפְשָׁ֖הּ לֹ֣א יָק֑וּם אִישָׁ֣הּ הֲפֵרָ֔ם וַיהוָ֖ה יִֽסְלַֽח־לָֽהּ׃
But if her husband nullifies them on the day he hears them, whatever proceeds from her lips regarding her vows or the binding oath on herself shall not stand; her husband has nullified them, and YHWH will forgive her.
Morphology
- וְאִם־הָפֵר֩ (v’im-hafer) – Root: הפר (hafar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “But if he nullifies”; Notes: Conditional clause.
- יָפֵ֨ר (yafer) – Root: הפר (hafar); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Will nullify”; Notes: Expresses potential action.
- אֹתָ֥ם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Definite direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers to vows or oaths.
- אִישָׁהּ֮ (ishah) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Her husband”; Notes: Indicates possession.
- בְּיֹ֣ום (b’yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “On the day”; Notes: Specifies time.
- שָׁמְעֹו֒ (shamoʿo) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “He hears it”; Notes: Refers to the husband’s hearing of the vow.
- כָּל־מֹוצָ֨א (kol-motsa) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “Whatever proceeds”; Notes: Refers to spoken words.
- שְׂפָתֶ֧יהָ (sfateha) – Root: שפה (safah); Form: Noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Her lips”; Notes: Indicates verbal expression.
- לִנְדָרֶ֛יהָ (l’nedareha) – Root: נדר (nadar); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Regarding her vows”; Notes: Specifies purpose or direction.
- וּלְאִסַּ֥ר (u-l’issar) – Root: אסר (ʾasar); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “Or the binding oath”; Notes: Indicates alternative condition.
- נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (nafshah) – Root: נפש (nefesh); Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “On herself”; Notes: Indicates personal responsibility.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Shall not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- יָק֑וּם (yakum) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Stand”; Notes: Indicates invalidation.
- אִישָׁ֣הּ (ishah) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Her husband”; Notes: Subject of the action.
- הֲפֵרָ֔ם (heferam) – Root: הפר (hafar); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Has nullified them”; Notes: Refers to the annulment of vows.
- וַיהוָ֖ה (v’YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Conjunction וְ + proper noun; Translation: “And the LORD”; Notes: Refers to God.
- יִֽסְלַֽח־לָֽהּ׃ (yislach-lah) – Root: סלח (salach); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + preposition לְ + third person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “Will forgive her”; Notes: Expresses divine forgiveness.