לְדָוִ֡ד אֵ֘לֶ֤יךָ יְהוָ֨ה אֶקְרָ֗א צוּרִי֮ אַֽל־תֶּחֱרַ֪שׁ מִ֫מֶּ֥נִּי פֶּן־תֶּֽחֱשֶׁ֥ה מִמֶּ֑נִּי וְ֝נִמְשַׁ֗לְתִּי עִם־יֹ֥ורְדֵי בֹֽור׃
Of Dawid, to You YHWH I call, my rock, do not be silent from me, lest You be silent from me, and I be likened with those going down to the pit.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לְדָוִד | le-Dawid | “of Dawid” | Prep לְ + proper noun |
| 2 | אֵלֶיךָ | ʾeleykha | “to you” | Prep אֶל + suffix 2ms |
| 3 | יְהוָה | YHWH | “YHWH” | Proper noun |
| 4 | אֶקְרָא | ʾeqraʾ | “I call” | Qal imperfect 1cs |
| 5 | צוּרִי | tsuri | “my rock” | N(ms) + suff 1cs |
| 6 | אַל־תֶּחֱרַשׁ | ʾal-teḥerash | “do not be silent” | Neg particle + Qal imperfect 2ms |
| 7 | מִמֶּנִּי | mimmenni | “from me” | Prep מִן + suffix 1cs |
| 8 | פֶּן | pen | “lest” | Conjunction |
| 9 | תֶּחֱשֶׁה | teḥesheh | “you be silent” | Qal imperfect 2ms |
| 10 | מִמֶּנִּי | mimmenni | “from me” | Prep מִן + suffix 1cs |
| 11 | וְנִמְשַׁ֗לְתִּי | ve-nimshalti | “and I be likened” | Nifal perfect 1cs |
| 12 | עִם־יֹורְדֵי | ʿim-yorde | “with those going down” | Prep עִם + Qal participle mp construct |
| 13 | בֹור | bor | “pit” | N(ms) |
Morphology
- לְדָוִד (le-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Root Type: Proper noun; Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “of Dawid”; Notes: Indicates attribution of the psalm.
- אֵלֶיךָ (ʾeleykha) – Root: אל (ʾel); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition אֶל + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Direct address toward YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: —; Root Type: Proper noun (Tetragrammaton); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- אֶקְרָא (ʾeqraʾ) – Root: קרא (qaraʾ); Root Type: III-א (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I call”; Notes: Expresses ongoing or immediate appeal.
- צוּרִי (tsuri) – Root: צור (tsur); Root Type: Hollow (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “my rock”; Notes: Metaphor for strength and stability.
- אַל־תֶּחֱרַשׁ (ʾal-teḥerash) – Root: חרשׁ (ḥarash); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Negative particle אַל + imperfect 2nd person masculine singular (jussive nuance); Translation: “do not be silent”; Notes: Expresses a plea or prohibition directed to YHWH.
- מִמֶּנִּי (mimmenni) – Root: מן (min); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Form: Preposition מִן + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “from me”; Notes: Indicates separation or withdrawal.
- פֶּן (pen) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “lest”; Notes: Introduces a negative consequence clause.
- תֶּחֱשֶׁה (teḥesheh) – Root: חשׁה (ḥashah); Root Type: III-ה (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you be silent”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes the danger of divine silence.
- מִמֶּנִּי (mimmenni) – Root: מן (min); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Form: Preposition מִן + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “from me”; Notes: Repetition reinforces urgency.
- וְנִמְשַׁלְתִּי (ve-nimshalti) – Root: משׁל (mashal); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Nifal; Form: Conjunction וְ + perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “and I be likened”; Notes: Passive or reflexive nuance indicating comparison.
- עִם־יֹורְדֵי (ʿim-yorde) – Root: ירד (yarad); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Form: Preposition עִם + Qal participle masculine plural construct (state: construct); Translation: “with those going down”; Notes: Refers to those descending to death or Sheʾol.
- בֹור (bor) – Root: בור (bor); Root Type: Hollow (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “pit”; Notes: Symbolic of death, grave, or the underworld.