הֵילִ֖ילוּ יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הַמַּכְתֵּ֑שׁ כִּ֤י נִדְמָה֙ כָּל־עַ֣ם כְּנַ֔עַן נִכְרְת֖וּ כָּל־נְטִ֥ילֵי כָֽסֶף׃
Howl, O inhabitants of the Maktesh, for all the people of Kenaʿan are silenced; all who weigh out silver are cut off.
Morphology
- הֵילִילוּ (heililu) – Root: ילל (yalal); Form: Piel imperative 2mp; Translation: “Howl!”; Notes: A command of lament directed at those facing ruin.
- יֹשְׁבֵי (yoshvei) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “inhabitants of”; Notes: Forms a construct chain with הַמַּכְתֵּשׁ.
- הַמַּכְתֵּשׁ (ha-maktesh) – Root: כתשׁ (katash); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the Maktesh”; Notes: Likely a district or market area of Yerushalayim, metaphorically “the mortar.”
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the lament.
- נִדְמָה (nidmah) – Root: דמה (damah); Form: Nifal perfect 3ms; Translation: “is silenced / destroyed”; Notes: Refers to complete cessation or ruin.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “all”; Notes: Marks totality.
- עַם (ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “people”; Notes: Collective national group.
- כְּנַעַן (Kenaʿan) – Root: כנע (kanaʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Kenaʿan”; Notes: Here representing merchant groups, not geography.
- נִכְרְתוּ (nikhretu) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Nifal perfect 3cp; Translation: “they are cut off”; Notes: A verb of destruction or removal.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “all”; Notes: Introduces a complete class.
- נְטִילֵי (netilei) – Root: נטל (natal); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “those who weigh out / lift”; Notes: Refers to merchants handling money.
- כָּסֶף (kasef) – Root: כסף (kesef); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “silver”; Notes: Metonymy for commerce and wealth.