גַּם־כַּסְפָּ֨ם גַּם־זְהָבָ֜ם לֹֽא־יוּכַ֣ל לְהַצִּילָ֗ם בְּיֹום֙ עֶבְרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה וּבְאֵשׁ֙ קִנְאָתֹ֔ו תֵּאָכֵ֖ל כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּֽי־כָלָ֤ה אַךְ־נִבְהָלָה֙ יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה אֵ֥ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֖י הָאָֽרֶץ׃ ס
Their silver and their gold shall not be able to deliver them on the day of the wrath of YHWH and in the fire of His jealousy all the earth shall be consumed because a full, indeed a sudden, end He shall make of all the inhabitants of the earth.
Morphology
- גַּם (gam) – Root: גם (gam); Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Used for emphatic parallel pairing.
- כַּסְפָּם (kaspam) – Root: כסף (kesef); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their silver”; Notes: Represents wealth presumed to give security.
- גַּם (gam) – Root: גם (gam); Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Reinforces the parallelism with silver.
- זְהָבָם (zehavam) – Root: זהב (zahav); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their gold”; Notes: Their highest-value possessions.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Absolute negation.
- יוּכַל (yukhal) – Root: יכל (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be able”; Notes: Expresses inability to help or save.
- לְהַצִּילָם (le-hatsilam) – Root: נצל (natsal); Form: Preposition לְ + Hiphil infinitive construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “to deliver them”; Notes: Highlights hopelessness of relying on wealth.
- בְּיֹום (be-yom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “on the day”; Notes: Temporal setting of judgment.
- עֶבְרַת (‘evrat) – Root: עבר (‘avar); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “wrath of”; Notes: Refers to fierce divine anger.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenantal judge.
- וּבְאֵשׁ (u-be’esh) – Root: אשׁ (’esh); Form: Conjunction + preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and in fire”; Notes: Symbol of consuming judgment.
- קִנְאָתֹו (qin’ató) – Root: קנא (qaná’); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “His jealousy”; Notes: Divine zeal for exclusive worship.
- תֵּאָכֵל (te’akhel) – Root: אכל (akhal); Form: Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “shall be consumed”; Notes: Passive sense of being devoured.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “all”; Notes: Totality of the affected domain.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (aretz); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Refers to the whole land/earth.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces the explanation.
- כָלָה (kalah) – Root: כלה (kalah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a full end”; Notes: A complete termination.
- אַךְ (akh) – Root: אך (akh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “indeed”; Notes: Strong intensifier.
- נִבְהָלָה (nivhalah) – Root: בהל (bahal); Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “sudden”; Notes: Emphasizes shock and haste.
- יַעֲשֶׂה (ya’aseh) – Root: עשה (‘asah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall make”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s deliberate action.
- אֵת (’et) – Root: את (’et); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “—”; Notes: Marks the following phrase as the object.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “all”; Notes: Collective emphasis.
- יֹשְׁבֵי (yoshvei) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “inhabitants of”; Notes: Describes continuous dwelling.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (aretz); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Closes with universal scope.