וַיָּשָׁב֩ מַלְאַ֨ךְ יְהוָ֤ה שֵׁנִית֙ וַיִּגַּע־בֹּ֔ו וַיֹּ֖אמֶר ק֣וּם אֱכֹ֑ל כִּ֛י רַ֥ב מִמְּךָ֖ הַדָּֽרֶךְ׃
And the messenger of YHWH returned a second time and touched him, and said, “Arise, eat, because the journey is too much for you.”
Morphology
- וַיָּשָׁב֩ (va-yashav) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “And he returned”; Notes: Indicates repetition of the action.
- מַלְאַ֨ךְ יְהוָ֤ה (malʾakh YHWH) – Root: מלאך (malʾakh); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “the messenger of YHWH”; Notes: Divine agent sent by YHWH.
- שֵׁנִית֙ (shenit) – Root: שני (sheni); Form: Adverb (feminine form); Translation: “a second time”; Notes: Emphasizes the recurrence of the event.
- וַיִּגַּע־בֹּ֔ו (va-yiggaʿ-bo) – Root: נגע (nagaʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “and touched him”; Notes: Repetition of the touch to awaken or strengthen him.
- וַיֹּ֖אמֶר (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and said”; Notes: Introduces the message from the messenger.
- ק֣וּם (qum) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “Arise”; Notes: Urgent command to get up.
- אֱכֹ֑ל (ekhol) – Root: אכל (ʾakal); Form: Qal imperative masculine singular; Translation: “eat”; Notes: Imperative to take nourishment.
- כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces reason for the command.
- רַ֥ב (rav) – Root: רבב (rav); Form: Adjective; Translation: “great” or “too much”; Notes: Expresses the difficulty of the upcoming journey.
- מִמְּךָ֖ (mimmekha) – Root: מן (min) + אתה (attah); Form: Preposition + 2ms suffix; Translation: “for you”; Notes: Comparative: the journey exceeds his strength.
- הַדָּֽרֶךְ (ha-darekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Definite noun; Translation: “the journey”; Notes: Refers to the arduous path Eliyahu must travel.