וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר הָרִנָּה֙ בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה כְּבֹ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ לֵאמֹ֑ר אִ֥ישׁ אֶל־עִירֹ֖ו וְאִ֥ישׁ אֶל־אַרְצֹֽו׃
And the cry passed through the camp as the sun went down, saying, “Each man to his city, and each man to his land.”
Morphology
- וַיַּעֲבֹר (va-yaʿavor) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it passed”; Notes: Refers to the movement or spread of a message through the camp.
- הָרִנָּה (ha-rinnah) – Root: רנן (ranan); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the cry” / “shout” / “proclamation”; Notes: Likely a loud heralding voice or announcement, not necessarily joyful.
- בַּמַּחֲנֶה (ba-maḥaneh) – Root: חנה (ḥanah); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the camp”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite military encampment.
- כְּבֹא (ke-vo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “as [the] coming”; Notes: Temporal clause—“when the sun was going down.”
- הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ (ha-shemesh) – Root: שׁמש (shemesh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the sun”; Notes: Marks time of day—sunset.
- לֵאמֹר (leʾmor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces the content of the announcement.
- אִישׁ אֶל־עִירֹו (ish el-ʿiro) – Root: אישׁ (ʾish), עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun masculine singular + preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Each man to his city”; Notes: Command for soldiers to return home.
- וְאִישׁ אֶל־אַרְצֹו (ve-ish el-artso) – Root: אישׁ (ʾish), ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular + preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and each man to his land”; Notes: Reinforces full dispersal—city and homeland both mentioned.