עַתָּה֩ לֵ֨ךְ וְהִכִּֽיתָ֜ה אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֗ק וְהַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לֹ֔ו וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ל עָלָ֑יו וְהֵמַתָּ֞ה מֵאִ֣ישׁ עַד־אִשָּׁ֗ה מֵֽעֹלֵל֙ וְעַד־יֹונֵ֔ק מִשֹּׁ֣ור וְעַד־שֶׂ֔ה מִגָּמָ֖ל וְעַד־חֲמֹֽור׃ ס
Now go and strike ʿAmaleq, and devote to destruction all that belongs to him; and do not spare him, but put to death from man to woman, from infant to nursing child, from ox to sheep, from camel to donkey.’”
Morphology
- עַתָּה֩ (ʿattah) – Root: עתה (ʿattah); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Now”; Notes: Introduces an immediate command.
- לֵ֨ךְ (lekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “go”; Notes: Command to take action.
- וְהִכִּֽיתָ֜ה (ve-hikkita) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and strike”; Notes: Expresses definitive action.
- אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֗ק (ʾet-ʿAmaleq) – Root: עמלק (ʿAmaleq); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular, with direct object marker; Translation: “Amaleq”; Notes: The target of the command.
- וְהַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ (ve-haḥaramtem) – Root: חרם (ḥaram); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and devote to destruction”; Notes: Refers to total annihilation.
- אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לֹ֔ו (ʾet-kol-ʾasher-lo) – Root: כל (kol) + אשר (ʾasher); Form: Noun construct phrase; Translation: “all that belongs to him”; Notes: Specifies the scope of destruction.
- וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ל (ve-lo taḥmol) – Root: חמל (ḥamal); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and do not spare”; Notes: Prohibitive command.
- עָלָ֑יו (ʿalav) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to Amaleq.
- וְהֵמַתָּ֞ה (ve-hematta) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Hifil perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “but put to death”; Notes: Reinforces the severity of the command.
- מֵאִ֣ישׁ עַד־אִשָּׁ֗ה (me-ʾish ʿad-ʾishshah) – Root: איש (ʾish) + אשה (ʾishshah); Form: Noun phrase; Translation: “from man to woman”; Notes: Expresses total destruction.
- מֵֽעֹלֵל֙ וְעַד־יֹונֵ֔ק (me-ʿolel ve-ʿad-yoneq) – Root: עולל (ʿolel) + ינק (yanaq); Form: Noun phrase; Translation: “from infant to nursing child”; Notes: Reinforces the comprehensiveness.
- מִשֹּׁ֣ור וְעַד־שֶׂ֔ה (mi-shor ve-ʿad-seh) – Root: שור (shor) + שה (seh); Form: Noun phrase; Translation: “from ox to sheep”; Notes: Includes livestock.
- מִגָּמָ֖ל וְעַד־חֲמֹֽור (mi-gamal ve-ʿad-ḥamor) – Root: גמל (gamal) + חמור (ḥamor); Form: Noun phrase; Translation: “from camel to donkey”; Notes: Completes the full scope.