וַיָּ֣רָץ דָּ֠וִד וַיַּעֲמֹ֨ד אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־֠חַרְבֹּו וַֽיִּשְׁלְפָ֤הּ מִתַּעְרָהּ֙ וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ וַיִּכְרָת־בָּ֖הּ אֶת־רֹאשֹׁ֑ו וַיִּרְא֧וּ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים כִּֽי־מֵ֥ת גִּבֹּורָ֖ם וַיָּנֻֽסוּ׃
And Dawid ran and stood over the Pelishti, and he took his sword and drew it out of its sheath and killed him and cut off his head with it. And when the Pelishtim saw that their champion was dead, they fled.
Morphology
- וַיָּ֣רָץ (va-yarats) – Root: רץ (rats); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he ran”; Notes: Indicates rapid movement.
- דָּ֠וִד (David) – Root: דוד (David); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “David”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- וַיַּעֲמֹ֨ד (va-yaʿamod) – Root: עמד (ʿamad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he stood”; Notes: Describes a stationary position.
- אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י (el-ha-Pelishti) – Root: פלש (palesh); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition; Translation: “over the Pelishti”; Notes: Indicates direction.
- וַיִּקַּ֣ח (va-yiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he took”; Notes: Action of seizing.
- אֶת־חַרְבֹּו (et-ḥarbo) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his sword”; Notes: The object being taken.
- וַֽיִּשְׁלְפָ֤הּ (va-yishlefah) – Root: שלף (shalaf); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and he drew it out”; Notes: Describes the action of unsheathing.
- מִתַּעְרָהּ֙ (mi-taʿrah) – Root: תער (taʿar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition and 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “from its sheath”; Notes: Specifies origin.
- וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ (va-ye-motetehu) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and he killed him”; Notes: Reinforces the act of slaying.
- וַיִּכְרָת־בָּ֖הּ (va-yikrat-bah) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular with prepositional suffix; Translation: “and he cut off with it”; Notes: Indicates decapitation.
- אֶת־רֹאשֹׁ֑ו (et-rosho) – Root: ראש (rosh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his head”; Notes: The object of cutting.
- וַיִּרְא֧וּ (va-yirʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they saw”; Notes: Perception leading to response.
- הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים (ha-Pelishtim) – Root: פלש (palesh); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Subject of the verb “saw”.
- כִּֽי־מֵ֥ת (ki-met) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “that he was dead”; Notes: Describes realization.
- גִּבֹּורָ֖ם (gibboram) – Root: גבור (gibbor); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their champion”; Notes: Refers to Golyat.
- וַיָּנֻֽסוּ (va-yanusu) – Root: נוס (nus); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they fled”; Notes: Indicates retreat in fear.