וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וִיהוּדָ֜ה וַיָּרִ֗עוּ וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים עַד־בֹּואֲךָ֣ גַ֔יְא וְעַ֖ד שַׁעֲרֵ֣י עֶקְרֹ֑ון וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ חַֽלְלֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם וְעַד־גַּ֖ת וְעַד־עֶקְרֹֽון׃
Then the men of Yisraʾel and Yehuda arose and shouted, and they pursued the Pelishtim until you come to the valley and to the gates of ʿEqron. And the slain of the Pelishtim fell on the way to Shaʿarayim, and as far as Gat and as far as ʿEqron.
Morphology
- וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ (va-yaqumu) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “Then they arose”; Notes: Indicates action of getting up.
- אַנְשֵׁי֩ (ʾanshei) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the men of”; Notes: Refers to warriors of Yisraʾel.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation.
- וִיהוּדָ֜ה (vi-Yehudah) – Root: יהודה (Yehudah); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “and Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the tribe of Yehudah.
- וַיָּרִ֗עוּ (va-yariʿu) – Root: רוע (ruaʿ); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shouted”; Notes: Expresses a war cry.
- וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ (va-yirdefu) – Root: רדף (radaf); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they pursued”; Notes: Indicates chasing after the enemy.
- אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (et-ha-Pelishtim) – Root: פלש (palesh); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Object of the pursuit.
- עַד־בֹּואֲךָ֣ (ʿad-boʾakha) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “until you come”; Notes: Describes the distance of pursuit.
- גַ֔יְא (gayʾ) – Root: גיא (gayʾ); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “valley”; Notes: Destination of pursuit.
- וְעַ֖ד (ve-ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “and to”; Notes: Indicates extent.
- שַׁעֲרֵ֣י (shaʿarei) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “gates of”; Notes: Refers to city gates.
- עֶקְרֹ֑ון (ʿEqron) – Root: עקר (ʿqr); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “ʿEqron”; Notes: One of the five cities of the Pelishtim.
- וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ (va-yippelu) – Root: נפל (naphal); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they fell”; Notes: Refers to the slain.
- חַֽלְלֵ֤י (ḥallei) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the slain of”; Notes: Refers to the dead warriors.
- פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ (Pelishtim) – Root: פלש (palesh); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Those who were killed.
- בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ (be-derekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “on the way”; Notes: Describes location of fallen bodies.
- שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם (Shaʿarayim) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Proper noun, dual; Translation: “Shaʿarayim”; Notes: Name of a location.
- וְעַד־גַּ֖ת (ve-ʿad-Gat) – Root: גת (Gat); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “and as far as Gat”; Notes: A city of the Pelishtim.
- וְעַד־עֶקְרֹֽון (ve-ʿad-ʿEqron) – Root: עקר (ʿqr); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “and as far as ʿEqron”; Notes: Further location in pursuit.