וַיְשַׁנֹּ֤ו אֶת־טַעְמֹו֙ בְּעֵ֣ינֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּתְהֹלֵ֖ל בְּיָדָ֑ם וַיָּתֹו עַל־דַּלְתֹ֣ות הַשַּׁ֔עַר וַיֹּ֥ורֶד רִירֹ֖ו אֶל־זְקָנֹֽו׃
And he changed his behavior in their eyes and acted insanely in their hands, and he made marks on the doors of the gate and let his saliva run down his beard.
Morphology
- וַיְשַׁנֹּ֤ו (vayyəshannō) – Root: שנה (shānāh); Form: Piel wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “And he changed it”; Notes: Intensified action.
- אֶת־טַעְמֹו֙ (ʾet-taʿmō) – Root: טעם (taʿam); Form: Direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his behavior”; Notes: Indicates manner of acting.
- בְּעֵ֣ינֵיהֶ֔ם (bə-ʿēnēhem) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Preposition + noun, dual plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in their eyes”; Notes: Indicates perception.
- וַיִּתְהֹלֵ֖ל (vayyitholēl) – Root: הלל (hālal); Form: Hitpael wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he acted insanely”; Notes: Reflexive action.
- בְּיָדָ֑ם (bə-yādām) – Root: יד (yād); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in their hands”; Notes: Indicates control or possession.
- וַיָּתֹו (vayyātō) – Root: תו (tāw); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he made marks”; Notes: Rare verb usage.
- עַל־דַּלְתֹ֣ות (ʿal-daltōt) – Root: דלת (delet); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine plural; Translation: “on the doors”; Notes: Physical location.
- הַשַּׁ֔עַר (ha-shaʿar) – Root: שער (shaʿar); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “of the gate”; Notes: Refers to city entrance.
- וַיֹּ֥ורֶד (vayyōred) – Root: ירד (yārad); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he let run down”; Notes: Causative action.
- רִירֹ֖ו (rīrō) – Root: ריר (rīr); Form: Noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his saliva”; Notes: Subject of the action.
- אֶל־זְקָנֹֽו׃ (ʾel-zəqanō) – Root: זקן (zāqān); Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “onto his beard”; Notes: Directional movement.