וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ לַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְאִ֛ין יֶשׁ־פֹּ֥ה תַֽחַת־יָדְךָ֖ חֲנִ֣ית אֹו־חָ֑רֶב כִּ֣י גַם־חַרְבִּ֤י וְגַם־כֵּלַי֙ לֹֽא־לָקַ֣חְתִּי בְיָדִ֔י כִּֽי־הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ נָחֽוּץ׃ ס
And Dawid said to Aḥimelekh, “Is there not here under your hand a spear or a sword? For neither my sword nor my weapons did I take in my hand, because the king’s matter was urgent.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayyōmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Narrative form.
- דָּוִד֙ (Dāwid) – Root: דוד (Dāwid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid.
- לַאֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ (la-ʾAḥimelekh) – Root: אחימלך (ʾAḥimelekh); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Aḥimelekh”; Notes: Refers to the priest.
- וְאִ֛ין (wə-ʾeyn) – Root: אין (ʾeyn); Form: Negative existential particle; Translation: “Is there not”; Notes: Introduces a negated inquiry.
- יֶשׁ־פֹּ֥ה (yesh-pō) – Root: יש (yesh); Form: Existential particle + adverb; Translation: “is there here”; Notes: Indicates presence.
- תַֽחַת־יָדְךָ֖ (taḥat-yādekha) – Root: תחת (taḥat) + יד (yād); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “under your hand”; Notes: Expresses possession.
- חֲנִ֣ית (ḥănīt) – Root: חנית (ḥănīt); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “spear”; Notes: Weapon reference.
- אֹו־חָ֑רֶב (ʾo-ḥārev) – Root: או (ʾo) + חרב (ḥārev); Form: Conjunction + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “or a sword”; Notes: Alternative inquiry.
- כִּ֣י (kī) – Root: כי (kī); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces explanation.
- גַם־חַרְבִּ֤י (gam-ḥarbī) – Root: גם (gam) + חרב (ḥārev); Form: Adverb + noun, feminine singular, first person singular suffix; Translation: “also my sword”; Notes: Emphasizes addition.
- וְגַם־כֵּלַי֙ (wə-gam-kēlay) – Root: גם (gam) + כלי (kelī); Form: Conjunction + adverb + noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and also my weapons”; Notes: Further inclusion.
- לֹֽא־לָקַ֣חְתִּי (lō-lāqaḥtī) – Root: לקח (lāqaḥ); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I did not take”; Notes: Completed action.
- בְיָדִ֔י (bəyādī) – Root: יד (yād); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “in my hand”; Notes: Expresses possession.
- כִּֽי־הָיָ֥ה (kī-hāyāh) – Root: כי (kī) + היה (hāyāh); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “because it was”; Notes: Cause for action.
- דְבַר־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ (dəvar-ha-melekh) – Root: דבר (dəvar) + מלך (melekh); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the matter of the king”; Notes: Refers to the king’s business.
- נָחֽוּץ׃ (nāḥūts) – Root: נחץ (nāḥats); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “urgent”; Notes: Indicates necessity.