1 Samuel 23:1

וַיַּגִּ֥דוּ לְדָוִ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֤ה פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ נִלְחָמִ֣ים בִּקְעִילָ֔ה וְהֵ֖מָּה שֹׁסִ֥ים אֶת־הַגֳּרָנֹֽות׃

And they told David, saying, “Behold, the Pelishtim are fighting against Qeʿila, and they are plundering the threshing floors.”

Morphology

1. וַיַּגִּ֥דוּ (vayyaggidū) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they told”; Notes: Indicates a report being given.
2. לְדָוִ֖ד (lədāwīd) – Root: דוד (dāwīd); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to David”; Notes: Recipient of the report.
3. לֵאמֹ֑ר (lēʾmōr) – Root: אמר (ʾāmar); Form: Infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
4. הִנֵּ֤ה (hinnēh) – Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Calls attention to an event.
5. פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ (pəlištīm) – Root: פלשתי (pəlištī); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
6. נִלְחָמִ֣ים (nilḥāmīm) – Root: לחם (lāḥam); Form: Nifal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are fighting”; Notes: Describes an ongoing battle.
7. בִּקְעִילָ֔ה (biqʿīlāh) – Root: קעילה (qəʿīlāh); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Qeʿilah”; Notes: Identifies the attacked location.
8. וְהֵ֖מָּה (wəhēmmāh) – Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they”; Notes: Subject of the next clause.
9. שֹׁסִ֥ים (šōsīm) – Root: שסס (šāsas); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are plundering”; Notes: Continuous action.
10. אֶת־הַגֳּרָנֹֽות׃ (ʾet-haggōrānōt) – Root: גרן (gōren); Form: Definite direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “the threshing floors”; Notes: Indicates what is being plundered.