הִנֵּה֩ הַיֹּ֨ום הַזֶּ֜ה רָא֣וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־נְתָנְךָ֩ יְהוָ֨ה הַיֹּ֤ום בְּיָדִי֙ בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה וְאָמַ֥ר לַהֲרָגֲךָ֖ וַתָּ֣חָס עָלֶ֑יךָ וָאֹמַ֗ר לֹא־אֶשְׁלַ֤ח יָדִי֙ בַּֽאדֹנִ֔י כִּי־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָ֖ה הֽוּא׃
Behold, this day your eyes have seen that YHWH gave you today into my hand in the cave, and one said to kill you, but I spared you, and I said, ‘I will not stretch out my hand against my lord, for he is YHWH’s anointed.’
Morphology
- הִנֵּה֩ (hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to an important statement.
- הַיֹּ֨ום (hayyom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the day”; Notes: Specifies a particular time.
- הַזֶּ֜ה (hazzeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Further specifies the day.
- רָא֣וּ (raʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “have seen”; Notes: Describes a completed action.
- עֵינֶ֗יךָ (ʿeynekha) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun, dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your eyes”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֵ֣ת (et) – Root: את (et); Form: Definite direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the following noun as definite.
- אֲשֶׁר־נְתָנְךָ֩ (ʾasher-netanekha) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “that he gave you”; Notes: Refers to divine action.
- יְהוָ֨ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- הַיֹּ֤ום (hayyom) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “today”; Notes: Emphasizes the time of the event.
- בְּיָדִי֙ (beyadi) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix and preposition; Translation: “into my hand”; Notes: Indicates possession.
- בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה (bammeʿarah) – Root: מערה (meʿarah); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the cave”; Notes: Indicates location.
- וְאָמַ֥ר (veʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and one said”; Notes: Refers to an anonymous speaker.
- לַהֲרָגֲךָ֖ (laharagekha) – Root: הרג (harag); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to kill you”; Notes: Expresses purpose.
- וַתָּ֣חָס (vattakhas) – Root: חוס (khas); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “but I spared”; Notes: Expresses Dawid’s restraint.
- עָלֶ֑יךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “on you”; Notes: Indicates object of compassion.
- וָאֹמַ֗ר (vaʾomar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 1st person singular; Translation: “and I said”; Notes: Introduces Dawid’s statement.
- לֹא־אֶשְׁלַ֤ח (lo-ʾeshlaḥ) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will not stretch out”; Notes: Expresses determination.
- יָדִי֙ (yadi) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my hand”; Notes: Refers to an aggressive act.
- בַּֽאדֹנִ֔י (baʾdoni) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition and 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “against my lord”; Notes: Term of respect.
- כִּי־מְשִׁ֥יחַ (ki-meshiḥ) – Root: משח (mashaḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “for he is the anointed”; Notes: Justifies Dawid’s reasoning.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “of YHWH”; Notes: Indicates divine selection.
- הֽוּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he is”; Notes: Reinforces identification.