וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־אַבְנֵ֜ר הֲלֹוא־אִ֣ישׁ אַתָּ֗ה וּמִ֤י כָמֹ֨וךָ֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלָ֨מָּה֙ לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔רְתָּ אֶל־אֲדֹנֶ֖יךָ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּי־בָא֙ אַחַ֣ד הָעָ֔ם לְהַשְׁחִ֖ית אֶת־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲדֹנֶֽיךָ׃
And Dawid said to Avner, “Are you not a man? And who is like you in Yisraʾel? And why have you not guarded your lord, the king? For one of the people came to destroy the king, your lord.
Morphology
- וַיֹּאמֶר֩ (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Narrative continuation.
- דָּוִ֨ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֶל־אַבְנֵ֜ר (el-Avner) – Root: אבנר (Avner); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “to Avner”; Notes: Direct address.
- הֲלֹוא־אִ֣ישׁ (halo-ish) – Root: לא, איש (lo, ish); Form: Interrogative with noun; Translation: “Are you not a man?”; Notes: Rhetorical question.
- אַתָּ֗ה (attah) – Root: אתה (attah); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizing subject.
- וּמִ֤י (u-mi) – Root: מי (mi); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “And who”; Notes: Comparison.
- כָמֹ֨וךָ֙ (kamokha) – Root: כמו (kamo); Form: Prepositional phrase; Translation: “like you”; Notes: Expresses uniqueness.
- בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (be-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Prepositional phrase; Translation: “in Yisraʾel”; Notes: Locative.
- וְלָ֨מָּה֙ (ve-lamah) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Interrogative; Translation: “And why”; Notes: Expresses challenge.
- לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔רְתָּ (lo shamarta) – Root: שמר (shamar); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “have you not guarded”; Notes: Past completed action.
- אֶל־אֲדֹנֶ֖יךָ (el-adonekha) – Root: אדן (adon); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your lord”; Notes: Possessive construction.
- הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Refers to Shaʾul.
- כִּי־בָא֙ (ki-va) – Root: בא (bo); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “For one came”; Notes: Introduces cause.
- אַחַ֣ד הָעָ֔ם (aḥad ha-ʿam) – Root: אחד, עם (aḥad, ʿam); Form: Noun phrase, singular; Translation: “one of the people”; Notes: Indefinite subject.
- לְהַשְׁחִ֖ית (lehashḥit) – Root: שחת (shḥt); Form: Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “to destroy”; Notes: Expresses purpose.
- אֶת־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ (et-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך (melek); Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Direct object.
- אֲדֹנֶֽיךָ׃ (adonekha) – Root: אדן (adon); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your lord”; Notes: Possessive reference to Shaʾul.