1 Samuel 26:18

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֛ה אֲדֹנִ֥י רֹדֵ֖ף אַחֲרֵ֣י עַבְדֹּ֑ו כִּ֚י מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֔יתִי וּמַה־בְּיָדִ֖י רָעָֽה׃

And he said, “Why does my lord pursue after his servant? For what have I done? And what evil is in my hand?

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֕אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Standard narrative form introducing speech.
2. לָ֥מָּה (lammah) – Root: מה (mh); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Expresses inquiry about purpose or reason.
3. זֶּ֛ה (zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Adds emphasis to the question.
4. אֲדֹנִ֥י (ʾadoni) – Root: אדן (ʾdn); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my lord”; Notes: Honorific form of address.
5. רֹדֵ֖ף (rodef) – Root: רדף (rdf); Form: Qal participle, masculine singular; Translation: “pursuing”; Notes: Expresses ongoing action.
6. אַחֲרֵ֣י (aḥarei) – Root: אחר (ʾḥr); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Indicates pursuit.
7. עַבְדֹּ֑ו (ʿavdo) – Root: עבד (ʿbd); Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his servant”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
8. כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a reason or explanation.
9. מֶ֣ה (meh) – Root: מה (mh); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “what”; Notes: Seeks clarification.
10. עָשִׂ֔יתִי (ʿasiti) – Root: עשה (ʿsh); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “have I done”; Notes: Indicates completed action.
11. וּמַה־ (u-mah) – Root: מה (mh); Form: Conjunction with interrogative pronoun; Translation: “And what”; Notes: Introduces a second question.
12. בְּיָדִ֖י (beyadi) – Root: יד (yd); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix, preceded by preposition; Translation: “in my hand”; Notes: A metaphor for possession or guilt.
13. רָעָֽה (raʿah) – Root: רעע (rʿʿ); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “evil”; Notes: Refers to wrongdoing.