וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם דָּוִ֜ד ה֤וּא וַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙ לָלֶ֣כֶת בַּבֹּ֔קֶר לָשׁ֖וּב אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים עָל֥וּ יִזְרְעֶֽאל׃ ס
And Dawid rose early, he and his men, to go in the morning to return to the land of the Pelishtim, and the Pelishtim went up to Yizreʿel.
Morphology
- וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם (va-yashkem) – Root: שכם; Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he rose early”; Notes: Expresses urgency.
- דָּוִ֜ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Refers to King David.
- ה֤וּא (hu) – Root: הוא; Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Reinforces subject.
- וַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙ (va-anashav) – Root: איש; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his men”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s followers.
- לָלֶ֣כֶת (la-lekhet) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to go”; Notes: Expresses purpose.
- בַּבֹּ֔קֶר (ba-boqer) – Root: בקר; Form: Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “in the morning”; Notes: Specifies time.
- לָשׁ֖וּב (lashuv) – Root: שוב; Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to return”; Notes: Indicates movement back.
- אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ (el-erets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “to the land of”; Notes: Specifies destination.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת; Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים (u-Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת; Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “and the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to Philistine forces.
- עָל֥וּ (ʿalu) – Root: עלה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they went up”; Notes: Denotes military movement.
- יִזְרְעֶֽאל׃ (Yizreʿel) – Root: יזרעאל; Form: Proper noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Yizreʿel”; Notes: Refers to a location in northern Yisraʾel.
- ס (samekh) – Form: Section marker; Notes: Indicates a minor pause in the Masoretic text.