וַיִּרְא֣וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־֠יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר־בְּעֵ֨בֶר הָעֵ֜מֶק וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן כִּֽי־נָ֨סוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְכִי־מֵ֖תוּ שָׁא֣וּל וּבָנָ֑יו וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הֶֽעָרִים֙ וַיָּנֻ֔סוּ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶֽן׃ ס
And the men of Yisraʾel who were on the other side of the valley, and those who were on the other side of the Yarden, saw that the men of Yisraʾel had fled, and that Shaʾul and his sons were dead. And they abandoned the cities and fled, and the Pelishtim came and dwelt in them.
Morphology
- וַיִּרְא֣וּ (va-yirʾu) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they saw”; Notes: Refers to the observation of Yisraʾel’s men.
- אַנְשֵֽׁי־יִשְׂרָאֵל (anshei-Yisraʾel) – Root: איש; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with proper noun; Translation: “the men of Yisraʾel”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
- אֲשֶׁר־בְּעֵ֨בֶר (asher-be-ʿever) – Root: עבר; Form: Relative pronoun with preposition and noun; Translation: “who were on the other side”; Notes: Indicates location.
- הָעֵ֜מֶק (ha-ʿemeq) – Root: עמק; Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the valley”; Notes: Specifies the first location.
- וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר (va-asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “and those who”; Notes: Introduces another location.
- בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן (be-ʿever ha-Yarden) – Root: עבר; Form: Preposition with noun and proper noun; Translation: “on the other side of the Yarden”; Notes: Specifies the second location.
- כִּֽי־נָ֨סוּ (ki-nasu) – Root: נסס; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “that they had fled”; Notes: Refers to the retreat of Yisraʾel’s forces.
- אַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (anshei Yisraʾel) – Root: איש; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with proper noun; Translation: “the men of Yisraʾel”; Notes: The ones fleeing.
- וְכִי־מֵ֖תוּ (ve-ki-metu) – Root: מות; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and that they were dead”; Notes: Refers to the death of Shaʾul and his sons.
- שָׁא֣וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול; Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Subject of the verb “were dead.”
- וּבָנָ֑יו (u-banav) – Root: בן; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his sons”; Notes: Joined to Shaʾul’s fate.
- וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ (va-yaʿazvu) – Root: עזב; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they abandoned”; Notes: Refers to the reaction of the Yisraʾelites.
- אֶת־הֶֽעָרִים֙ (et-heʿarim) – Root: עיר; Form: Noun, feminine plural absolute with definite article; Translation: “the cities”; Notes: The places they abandoned.
- וַיָּנֻ֔סוּ (va-yanusu) – Root: נסס; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they fled”; Notes: Further emphasizing their retreat.
- וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ (va-yavoʾu) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they came”; Notes: Refers to the Pelishtim entering the cities.
- פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת; Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: The enemy force.
- וַיֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ (va-yeshvu) – Root: ישב; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they dwelt”; Notes: Indicates their occupation.
- בָּהֶֽן׃ (bahen) – Root: בה; Form: Preposition with 3rd person feminine plural suffix; Translation: “in them”; Notes: Refers to the abandoned cities.