וַיִּשְׁמְע֤וּ פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ אֶת־קֹ֣ול הַתְּרוּעָ֔ה וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מֶ֠ה קֹ֣ול הַתְּרוּעָ֧ה הַגְּדֹולָ֛ה הַזֹּ֖את בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה הָעִבְרִ֑ים וַיֵּ֣דְע֔וּ כִּ֚י אֲרֹ֣ון יְהוָ֔ה בָּ֖א אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃
And the Pelishtim heard the sound of the shout, and they said, “What is this great shout in the camp of the ʿIvrim?” And they knew that the Ark of YHWH had come into the camp.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁמְע֤וּ (va-yishmeʿu) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they heard”; Notes: Refers to the Pelishtim hearing the shout.
- פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשתי (Pelishti); Form: Proper noun, plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: The subject of the verb.
- אֶת־קֹ֣ול (et-qol) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Noun, masculine singular with direct object marker; Translation: “the sound of”; Notes: Direct object of the verb.
- הַתְּרוּעָ֔ה (ha-teruʿah) – Root: רוע (ruaʿ); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the shout”; Notes: A loud cry of battle or celebration.
- וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ (va-yomeru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they said”; Notes: Introduces speech.
- מֶ֠ה (meh) – Root: מה (mah); Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “What”; Notes: Introduces a question.
- קֹ֣ול (qol) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “sound”; Notes: Refers to the loud noise.
- הַתְּרוּעָ֧ה (ha-teruʿah) – Root: רוע (ruaʿ); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the shout”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes importance.
- הַגְּדֹולָ֛ה (ha-gedolah) – Root: גדל (gadol); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Describes the magnitude of the shout.
- הַזֹּ֖את (ha-zot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Points to the specific event.
- בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה (be-maḥaneh) – Root: מחנה (maḥaneh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “in the camp of”; Notes: Specifies location.
- הָעִבְרִ֑ים (ha-ʿIvrim) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Proper noun, plural with definite article; Translation: “the ʿIvrim”; Notes: Refers to the Hebrews.
- וַיֵּ֣דְע֔וּ (va-yedeʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they knew”; Notes: Indicates realization.
- כִּ֚י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a reason.
- אֲרֹ֣ון (ʾaron) – Root: ארון (ʾaron); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Ark”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Modifies “Ark”.
- בָּ֖א (ba) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “had come”; Notes: Indicates completed action.
- אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה (el-ha-maḥaneh) – Root: מחנה (maḥaneh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “into the camp”; Notes: Specifies the location.