1 Samuel 4:5

וַיְהִ֗י כְּבֹ֨וא אֲרֹ֤ון בְּרִית־יְהוָה֙ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה וַיָּרִ֥עוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדֹולָ֑ה וַתֵּהֹ֖ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃

And it happened, when the Ark of the Covenant of YHWH came into the camp, that all Yisraʾel shouted with a great shout, and the earth shook.

Morphology

1. וַיְהִ֗י (va-yehi) – Root: היה (haya); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it happened”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
2. כְּבֹ֨וא (ke-vo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “when came”; Notes: Indicates the timing of the event.
3. אֲרֹ֤ון (ʾaron) – Root: ארון (ʾaron); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Ark”; Notes: Refers to the Ark of the Covenant.
4. בְּרִית־יְהוָה֙ (berit-YHWH) – Root: ברית (berit) + יהוה (YHWH); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “of the Covenant of YHWH”; Notes: Defines the Ark.
5. אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה (el-ha-maḥaneh) – Root: מחנה (maḥaneh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “into the camp”; Notes: Specifies location.
6. וַיָּרִ֥עוּ (va-yariu) – Root: רוע (ruaʿ); Form: Hifil consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they shouted”; Notes: Expresses loud acclaim.
7. כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (kol-Yisraʾel) – Root: כל (kol) + ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Indicates the collective action.
8. תְּרוּעָ֣ה (teruʿah) – Root: רוע (ruaʿ); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a shout”; Notes: Signifies a loud cry of celebration.
9. גְדֹולָ֑ה (gedolah) – Root: גדל (gadol); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “great”; Notes: Describes the intensity of the shout.
10. וַתֵּהֹ֖ם (va-tehom) – Root: הום (hum); Form: Qal consecutive imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it shook”; Notes: Refers to the reaction of the earth.
11. הָאָֽרֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Subject of the verb, indicating a physical reaction.