מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ מִזְרַ֣ח הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֶ֣רֶץ הַגִּלְעָ֔ד הַגָּדִ֥י וְהָרֻאובֵנִ֖י וְהַֽמְנַשִּׁ֑י מֵעֲרֹעֵר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־נַ֣חַל אַרְנֹ֔ן וְהַגִּלְעָ֖ד וְהַבָּשָֽׁן׃
From the Yarden, east of the sunrise, all the land of the Gileʿad, the Gadi and the Reʾuveni and the Menashshi; from ʿAroʿer, which is on the wadi of Arnon, and the Gilʿad and the Bashan.
Morphology
- מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּן (min-ha-Yarden) – Root: ירד (y-r-d); Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “From the Yarden”; Notes: Refers to the Jordan River.
- מִזְרַח הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ (mizraḥ ha-shemesh) – Root: זרח (z-r-ḥ); Form: Noun in construct + definite noun; Translation: “east of the sun” or “sunrise”; Notes: Refers to the eastern side, toward sunrise.
- אֵת כָּל־אֶרֶץ (et kol-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Direct object marker + totalizing noun + noun; Translation: “all the land of”; Notes: Emphasizes the whole territory.
- הַגִּלְעָד (ha-Gilʿad) – Form: Definite proper noun; Translation: “the Gilʿad”; Notes: Region east of the Jordan, territory of Transjordanian tribes.
- הַגָּדִי (ha-Gadi) – Root: גד (Gad); Form: Adjective/ethnic name; Translation: “the Gadi”; Notes: Refers to members of the tribe of Gad.
- וְהָרֻאובֵנִי (ve-ha-Reʾuveni) – Root: ראובן (Reʾuven); Form: Conjunction + definite ethnic adjective; Translation: “and the Reʾuveni”; Notes: Members of the tribe of Reʾuven.
- וְהַמְנַשִּׁי (ve-ha-Menashshi) – Root: מנשה (Menashe); Form: Conjunction + definite ethnic adjective; Translation: “and the Menashshi”; Notes: Refers to the half-tribe of Menashe east of the Jordan.
- מֵעֲרֹעֵר (me-ʿAroʿer) – Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from ʿAroʿer”; Notes: A city near the Arnon gorge, southeastern border area.
- אֲשֶׁר עַל־נַחַל אַרְנֹן (ʾasher ʿal-naḥal Arnon) – Root: נחל (n-ḥ-l) / ארנן (ʾ-r-n-n); Form: Relative clause + preposition + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “which is on the wadi of Arnon”; Notes: Geographical specification of ʿAroʿer’s location.
- וְהַגִּלְעָד (ve-ha-Gilʿad) – As above; Translation: “and the Gilʿad”; Notes: The whole Gilʿad region is reaffirmed.
- וְהַבָּשָׁן (ve-ha-Bashan) – Root: בשן (Bashan); Form: Conjunction + definite proper noun; Translation: “and the Bashan”; Notes: Fertile highland northeast of Gilʿad, known for strongholds and cattle.