אָ֣ז יַעֲלֶ֗ה חֲזָאֵל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם וַיִּלָּ֥חֶם עַל־גַּ֖ת וַֽיִּלְכְּדָ֑הּ וַיָּ֤שֶׂם חֲזָאֵל֙ פָּנָ֔יו לַעֲלֹ֖ות עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
Then Ḥazaʾel king of Aram went up and fought against Gat, and he captured it. And Ḥazaʾel set his face to go up against Yerushalayim.
Morphology
- אָז (ʾaz) – Form: Adverb; Translation: “Then”; Notes: Marks temporal sequence.
- יַעֲלֶה (yaʿaleh) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he went up”; Notes: Refers to military advance.
- חֲזָאֵל (Ḥazaʾel) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥazaʾel”; Notes: King of Aram (Syria).
- מֶלֶךְ אֲרָם (melekh Aram) – Roots: מלך / אֲרָם; Form: Noun construct; Translation: “king of Aram”; Notes: Political title and realm.
- וַיִּלָּחֶם (va-yillāḥem) – Root: לחם (l-ḥ-m); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he fought”; Notes: Reflexive/passive form used for military engagement.
- עַל־גַּת (ʿal-Gat) – Root: גת; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Gat”; Notes: Gat was a Philistine city.
- וַיִּלְכְּדָהּ (va-yilkeḏāh) – Root: לכד (l-k-d); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + 3fs suffix; Translation: “and he captured it”; Notes: Refers to the conquest of Gat.
- וַיָּשֶׂם (va-yāśem) – Root: שׂים (ś-y-m); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he set”; Notes: Used idiomatically with “face” to express intention.
- חֲזָאֵל (Ḥazaʾel) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥazaʾel”; Notes: Subject of both preceding and following actions.
- פָּנָיו (panav) – Root: פנים (p-n-y); Form: Noun plural with 3ms suffix; Translation: “his face”; Notes: Part of idiom “to set one’s face toward.”
- לַעֲלֹות (laʿalot) – Root: עלה (ʿ-l-h); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to go up”; Notes: Purpose clause indicating military ambition.
- עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָם (ʿal-Yerushalayim) – Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital city of Yisraʾel/Judah targeted for attack.