הוּא־הִכָּ֨ה אֶת־אֱד֤וֹם בְּגֵיא־המלח עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת אֲלָפִ֔ים וְתָפַ֥שׂ אֶת־הַסֶּ֖לַע בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וַיִּקְרָ֤א אֶת־שְׁמָהּ֙ יָקְתְאֵ֔ל עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ פ
* כ : המלח
* ק : הַמֶּ֨לַח֙
He struck Edom in the Valley of Salt, ten thousand, and he seized the Selaʿ in the battle, and he called its name Yoqteʾel until this day.
Morphology
- הוּא־הִכָּה (huʾ-hikkah) – Root: נכה (n-k-h); Form: Pronoun + Hifil perfect 3ms; Translation: “He struck”; Notes: Emphatic subject performing a military action.
- אֶת־אֱדוֹם (et-ʾEdom) – Root: אדום (ʾ-d-w-m); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Edom”; Notes: Object of the verb “struck.”
- בְּגֵיא־הַמֶּלַח (be-geʾ ha-melaḥ) – Root: גיא (g-ʾ-y), מלח (m-l-ḥ); Form: Preposition + construct phrase; Translation: “in the Valley of Salt”; Notes: Geographic location of the battle.
- עֲשֶׂרֶת אֲלָפִים (ʿaseret ʾalafim) – Root: עשר (ʿ-s-r), אלף (ʾ-l-p); Form: Cardinal number + plural noun; Translation: “ten thousand”; Notes: Indicates the number defeated.
- וְתָפַשׂ (ve-tafaś) – Root: תפש (t-p-s); Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “and he seized”; Notes: Sequential action following the battle.
- אֶת־הַסֶּלַע (et-ha-selaʿ) – Root: סלע (s-l-ʿ); Form: Accusative marker + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the Selaʿ”; Notes: Refers to a city or stronghold, possibly Petra.
- בַּמִּלְחָמָה (ba-milḥamah) – Root: לחם (l-ḥ-m); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the battle”; Notes: Describes the context of the seizure.
- וַיִּקְרָא (va-yiqraʾ) – Root: קרא (q-r-ʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he called”; Notes: Initiates a naming action.
- אֶת־שְׁמָהּ (et-shemah) – Root: שם (sh-m); Form: Accusative marker + noun feminine singular with 3fs suffix; Translation: “its name”; Notes: Refers to the name given to the city/rock.
- יָקְתְאֵל (Yoqteʾel) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoqteʾel”; Notes: Possibly means “God subdues” or “God prevails.”
- עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה (ʿad ha-yom ha-zeh) – Form: Preposition + definite noun + demonstrative; Translation: “until this day”; Notes: Indicates the name’s durability into the author’s time.