בִּשְׁנַ֨ת שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וָתֵ֨שַׁע֙ שָׁנָ֔ה לַעֲזַרְיָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה מָ֠לַךְ מְנַחֵ֨ם בֶּן־גָּדִ֧י עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֶ֥שֶׂר שָׁנִ֖ים בְּשֹׁמְרֹֽון׃
In the thirty-ninth year of ʿAzarya king of Yehuda, Menaḥem son of Gadi reigned over Yisraʾel ten years in Shomeron.
Morphology
- בִּשְׁנַ֨ת (bishnat) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Preposition + construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “In the year of”; Notes: Introduces regnal dating.
- שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וָתֵ֨שַׁע֙ (sheloshim va-teshaʿ) – Roots: שלש, תשע; Form: Compound cardinal numbers; Translation: “thirty-nine”; Notes: Indicates the 39th regnal year.
- שָׁנָ֔ה (shanah) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Time unit for reigns.
- לַעֲזַרְיָ֖ה (la-ʿAzaryah) – Root: עזר; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “of ʿAzaryah”; Notes: King of Yehudah also known as ʿUzziyahu.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה (melekh Yehudah) – Root: מלך, יהודה; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Title of ʿAzaryah.
- מָ֠לַךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “reigned”; Notes: Marks the start of a new reign.
- מְנַחֵ֨ם (Menaḥem) – Root: נחם; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Menaḥem”; Notes: King of Yisraʾel who came to power through violence.
- בֶּן־גָּדִ֧י (ben-Gadi) – Root: בן, גד; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Gadi”; Notes: Genealogical reference.
- עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל (ʿal-Yisraʾel) – Root: על, ישראל; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “over Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to ruling the northern kingdom.
- עֶ֥שֶׂר (ʿeser) – Root: עשר; Form: Cardinal number feminine; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Duration of reign.
- שָׁנִ֖ים (shanim) – Root: שׁנה; Form: Plural noun feminine; Translation: “years”; Notes: Completes the phrase “ten years.”
- בְּשֹׁמְרֹֽון (be-Shomeron) – Root: שׁמרון; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Shomeron”; Notes: Capital city of the northern kingdom of Yisraʾel.