וַֽיְהִ֞י בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה הָֽרְבִיעִית֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ הִ֚יא הַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ית לְהֹושֵׁ֥עַ בֶּן־אֵלָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עָלָ֞ה שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֧סֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֛וּר עַל־שֹׁמְרֹ֖ון וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶֽיהָ׃
And it was in the fourth year of King Ḥizqiyyahu, it was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Ela king of Yisraʾel, Shalmaneser king of Ashshur came up against Shomeron and besieged it.
Morphology
- וַֽיְהִ֞י (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Standard narrative opening indicating a historical event.
- בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה (ba-shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the year”; Notes: Temporal marker of the event.
- הָֽרְבִיעִית֙ (ha-reviʿit) – Root: רבע (ravaʿ); Form: Definite ordinal adjective feminine singular; Translation: “the fourth”; Notes: Matches the gender of “year.”
- לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ (la-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Preposition לְ + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “of the king”; Notes: Indicates regnal dating.
- חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ (Ḥizqiyyahu) – Root: חזק (ḥazaq); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥizqiyyahu”; Notes: King of Yehudah.
- הִ֚יא (hi) – Root: היא (hi); Form: Independent pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “it was”; Notes: Refers back to the year mentioned.
- הַשָּׁנָ֣ה (ha-shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the year”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis and clarity.
- הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ית (ha-sheviʿit) – Root: שבע (shavaʿ); Form: Definite ordinal adjective feminine singular; Translation: “the seventh”; Notes: Ordinal in agreement with “year.”
- לְהֹושֵׁ֥עַ (le-Hoshea) – Root: ישע (yashaʿ); Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun; Translation: “of Hoshea”; Notes: Refers to the king of Yisraʾel.
- בֶּן־אֵלָ֖ה (ben-Elah) – Root: בן (ben), אלה (Elah); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Elah”; Notes: Genealogical identifier.
- מֶ֣לֶךְ (melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “king”; Notes: Apposition to “Hoshea.”
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Northern kingdom.
- עָלָ֞ה (ʿalah) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “came up”; Notes: Standard verb for military invasion or campaign.
- שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֧סֶר (Shalmanʾeser) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shalmaneser”; Notes: Assyrian monarch’s name.
- מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֛וּר (melekh-Ashshur) – Root: מלך (melekh), אשׁור (Ashshur); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “king of Ashshur”; Notes: Assyrian empire.
- עַל־שֹׁמְרֹ֖ון (ʿal-Shomeron) – Root: שׁמר (shamar); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against Shomeron”; Notes: Capital city of Yisraʾel.
- וַיָּ֥צַר (va-yatsar) – Root: צרר (tsarar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he besieged”; Notes: Military terminology indicating siege or encampment.
- עָלֶֽיהָ (ʿaleha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “against it”; Notes: Refers to Shomeron.