וַיִּתֵּ֨ן יְהוָ֥ה דֶּ֨בֶר֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מֵהַבֹּ֖קֶר וְעַד־עֵ֣ת מֹועֵ֑ד וַיָּ֣מָת מִן־הָעָ֗ם מִדָּן֙ וְעַד־בְּאֵ֣ר שֶׁ֔בַע שִׁבְעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף אִֽישׁ׃
And YHWH sent a plague upon Yisraʾel from the morning until the appointed time, and there died from among the people, from Dan to Beʾer Shevaʿ, seventy thousand men.
Morphology
- וַיִּתֵּ֨ן (vayyitten) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He sent”; Notes: Narrative form indicating past action by YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb, the God of Yisraʾel.
- דֶּ֨בֶר (dever) – Root: דבר; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “plague”; Notes: Often refers to pestilence or divine punishment.
- בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל (be-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “upon Yisraʾel”; Notes: Denotes the object afflicted by the plague.
- מֵהַבֹּקֶר (me-ha-boqer) – Root: בקר; Form: Preposition + definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “from the morning”; Notes: Indicates starting time of the event.
- וְעַד־עֵת מֹועֵד (veʿad-ʿet moʿed) – Root: עד / עת / יעד; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun construct; Translation: “until the appointed time”; Notes: The phrase may imply the time of the evening sacrifice or a designated stopping point.
- וַיָּמָת (vayyamat) – Root: מות; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “and he died”; Notes: Refers to mass deaths collectively represented.
- מִן־הָעָם (min-ha-ʿam) – Root: עם; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the people”; Notes: Specifies the source of the deceased.
- מִדָּן (mi-Dan) – Root: דן; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from Dan”; Notes: Marks the northern boundary of Yisraʾel.
- וְעַד־בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע (veʿad-Beʾer Shevaʿ) – Root: בער / שבע; Form: Conjunction + preposition + proper noun; Translation: “and until Beʾer Shevaʿ”; Notes: Marks the southern extent of the land.
- שִׁבְעִים (shivʿim) – Root: שבע; Form: Numeral, masculine; Translation: “seventy”; Notes: Quantifies the number of men who died.
- אֶלֶף (elef) – Root: אלף; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “thousand”; Notes: Follows the numeral to complete the phrase “seventy thousand.”
- אִישׁ (ish) – Root: אנש; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “man”; Notes: Indicates that the count specifically pertains to male individuals.