Isaiah 44:17

וּשְׁאֵ֣רִיתֹ֔ו לְאֵ֥ל עָשָׂ֖ה לְפִסְלֹ֑ו יִסְגֹּד־לֹ֤ו וְיִשְׁתַּ֨חוּ֙ וְיִתְפַּלֵּ֣ל אֵלָ֔יו וְיֹאמַר֙ הַצִּילֵ֔נִי כִּ֥י אֵלִ֖י אָֽתָּה׃

And its remainder he made into a god, into his idol. He bows to it and prostrates himself and prays to it and says, “Deliver me, for you are my god.”

Morphology

1. וּשְׁאֵרִיתֹו (u-sheʾeritō) – Root: שׁאר; Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and its remainder”; Notes: Refers to the leftover wood from idol carving.
2. לְאֵל (le-ʾel) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “into a god”; Notes: Expresses transformation of material into deity.
3. עָשָׂה (ʿasah) – Root: עשה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he made”; Notes: Action of crafting the idol.
4. לְפִסְלֹו (le-fislo) – Root: פסל; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “into his idol”; Notes: Object of worship made by man.
5. יִסְגֹּד־לֹו (yisgod-lo) – Root: סגד; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + preposition + suffix; Translation: “he bows to it”; Notes: Describes religious veneration.
6. וְיִשְׁתַּחוּ (ve-yishtakhu) – Root: שׁחה; Form: Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he prostrates himself”; Notes: Indicates deep reverence or worship.
7. וְיִתְפַּלֵּל (ve-yitpallel) – Root: פלל; Form: Hitpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he prays”; Notes: Reflexive form of prayer, implying pleading or supplication.
8. אֵלָיו (elav) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to it”; Notes: Direction of the prayer toward the idol.
9. וְיֹאמַר (ve-yomar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav; Translation: “and he says”; Notes: Introduces the content of the prayer.
10. הַצִּילֵנִי (hatsileni) – Root: נצל; Form: Hifil imperative masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “Deliver me!”; Notes: Plea for salvation addressed to the idol.
11. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason or cause.
12. אֵלִי (ʾeli) – Root: אל; Form: Noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my god”; Notes: Personal appropriation of the idol as deity.
13. אָתָּה (attah) – Root: אתה; Form: Independent pronoun 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you are”; Notes: Emphatic identification of the idol as the speaker’s god.