Exodus 39:10

וַיְמַלְאוּ־בֹ֔ו אַרְבָּעָ֖ה ט֣וּרֵי אָ֑בֶן ט֗וּר אֹ֤דֶם פִּטְדָה֙ וּבָרֶ֔קֶת הַטּ֖וּר הָאֶחָֽד׃

And they filled it with four rows of stones: a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald, the first row.

Morphology

1. וַיְמַלְאוּ־בֹ֔ו (vayemalʾu-vo) – Root: מלא (m-l-ʾ); Form: Verb, Piel imperfect, third person plural + prepositional suffix, third person singular masculine; Translation: “And they filled it”; Notes: Refers to the action of setting stones into the breastpiece.
2. אַרְבָּעָ֖ה (arbaʿa) – Root: ארבע (ʾ-r-b-ʿ); Form: Numeral, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Four”; Notes: Specifies the number of rows.
3. ט֣וּרֵי (turei) – Root: טור (t-w-r); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Rows of”; Notes: Refers to the arrangement of stones.
4. אָ֑בֶן (ʾeven) – Root: אבן (ʾ-b-n); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Stone”; Notes: Refers to the material being set.
5. ט֗וּר (tur) – Root: טור (t-w-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Row”; Notes: Introduces the description of specific stones in the first row.
6. אֹ֤דֶם (ʾodem) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “Ruby”; Notes: Refers to a precious red stone.
7. פִּטְדָה֙ (pitda) – Root: פטד (p-t-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “Topaz”; Notes: Refers to a yellow or golden gemstone.
8. וּבָרֶ֔קֶת (u-vareqet) – Root: ברק (b-r-q); Form: Conjunction + noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “And emerald”; Notes: Refers to a green gemstone.
9. הַטּ֖וּר (ha-tur) – Root: טור (t-w-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The row”; Notes: Indicates the row described.
10. הָאֶחָֽד (ha-eḥad) – Root: אחד (ʾ-ḥ-d); Form: Adjective, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The first”; Notes: Specifies the ordinal position of the row.