וְשָׁמַעְתָּ֤ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְשָׁמַרְתָּ֣ לַעֲשֹׂ֔ות אֲשֶׁר֙ יִיטַ֣ב לְךָ֔ וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּרְבּ֖וּן מְאֹ֑ד כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֲבֹתֶ֨יךָ֙ לָ֔ךְ אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ׃ פ
And hear, Yisraʾel, and observe to do, that it may be well with you, and that you may increase greatly, as YHWH, the God of your fathers, has spoken to you, a land flowing with milk and honey.
Morphology
- וְשָׁמַעְתָּ֤ (ve-shamʿata) – Root: שמע (shama); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “And hear”; Notes: Refers to listening or paying attention.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (Yisra’el) – Root: שר (sar) + אל (ʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
- וְשָׁמַרְתָּ֣ (ve-shamarta) – Root: שמר (shamar); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav consecutive; Translation: “and observe”; Notes: Indicates careful attention to follow commands.
- לַעֲשֹׂ֔ות (laʿasot) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Refers to performing actions or tasks.
- אֲשֶׁר֙ (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- יִיטַ֣ב (yitav) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “it may be well”; Notes: Refers to favorable outcomes.
- לְךָ֔ (lekha) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Indicates benefit or effect.
- וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר (va-asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction with relative pronoun; Translation: “and that”; Notes: Connects the clause to the previous action.
- תִּרְבּ֖וּן (tirbun) – Root: רבה (rabhah); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you may increase”; Notes: Refers to growth or multiplication.
- מְאֹ֑ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “greatly”; Notes: Indicates intensity or abundance.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֩ר (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “as”; Notes: Compares actions or outcomes.
- דִּבֶּ֨ר (dibber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has spoken”; Notes: Refers to past speech or declarations.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- אֱלֹהֵ֤י (Elohei) – Root: אלה (ʾeloh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the God of”; Notes: Refers to the deity associated with the ancestors.
- אֲבֹתֶ֨יךָ֙ (avotekha) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your fathers”; Notes: Refers to the patriarchs or ancestors.
- לָ֔ךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Indicates possession or promise.
- אֶ֛רֶץ (eretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a land”; Notes: Refers to the Promised Land.
- זָבַ֥ת (zavat) – Root: זוב (zuv); Form: Qal participle feminine singular construct; Translation: “flowing”; Notes: Describes the richness of the land.
- חָלָ֖ב (ḥalav) – Root: חלב (ḥalav); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “milk”; Notes: Symbolizes abundance.
- וּדְבָֽשׁ (u-dvash) – Root: דבש (dvash); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and honey”; Notes: Completes the description of abundance.