הֲלֹא־הֵ֜מָּה בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן אַֽחֲרֵי֙ דֶּ֚רֶךְ מְבֹ֣וא הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ בְּאֶ֨רֶץ֙ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב בָּעֲרָבָ֑ה מ֚וּל הַגִּלְגָּ֔ל אֵ֖צֶל אֵלֹונֵ֥י מֹרֶֽה׃
Are they not beyond the Yarden, behind the way of the sunset, in the land of the Kenaʿani, who dwells in the ʿArava, opposite Gilgal, near the oaks of More?
Morphology
- הֲלֹא־ (halo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “Are they not”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical question.
- הֵ֜מָּה (hemmah) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Refers to the mountains mentioned earlier.
- בְּעֵ֣בֶר (be-ever) – Root: עבר (ʿeber); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “beyond”; Notes: Refers to the region beyond the Jordan River.
- הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן (ha-yarden) – Root: ירדן (yarden); Form: Proper noun with definite article; Translation: “the Jordan”; Notes: Refers to the Jordan River.
- אַֽחֲרֵי֙ (acharei) – Root: אחר (achar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “behind”; Notes: Indicates a position relative to the path.
- דֶּ֚רֶךְ (derekh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the way”; Notes: Refers to a specific path or road.
- מְבֹ֣וא (mevo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “of the sunset”; Notes: Refers to the west or the setting of the sun.
- הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ (ha-shemesh) – Root: שמש (shemesh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the sun”; Notes: Refers to the celestial body.
- בְּאֶ֨רֶץ֙ (be-eretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “in the land of”; Notes: Refers to the territory being described.
- הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י (ha-kenaʿani) – Root: כנען (kenaʿan); Form: Proper noun with definite article; Translation: “the Canaanite”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of Canaan.
- הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב (ha-yoshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “who dwells”; Notes: Refers to the Canaanite’s location.
- בָּעֲרָבָ֑ה (ba-aravah) – Root: ערב (ʿarav); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “in the Arabah”; Notes: Refers to a specific desert region.
- מ֚וּל (mul) – Root: מול (mul); Form: Preposition; Translation: “opposite”; Notes: Indicates a position facing something.
- הַגִּלְגָּ֔ל (ha-gilgal) – Root: גלגל (gilgal); Form: Proper noun with definite article; Translation: “Gilgal”; Notes: Refers to a well-known location in Israel.
- אֵ֖צֶל (etzel) – Root: אצל (ʾetzel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “near”; Notes: Indicates proximity.
- אֵלֹונֵ֥י (elonai) – Root: אלון (elon); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the oaks of”; Notes: Refers to a group of large trees.
- מֹרֶֽה׃ (moreh) – Root: ירה (yarah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moreh”; Notes: Refers to a specific location or landmark.