אֵ֠לֶּה הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּשְׁמְר֣וּן לַעֲשֹׂות֒ בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֩ נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֧י אֲבֹתֶ֛יךָ לְךָ֖ לְרִשְׁתָּ֑הּ כָּל־הַיָּמִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֥ם חַיִּ֖ים עַל־הָאֲדָמָֽה׃
These are the statutes and the judgments that you shall carefully do in the land that YHWH, the God of your fathers, has given you to possess, all the days that you live on the earth.
Morphology
- אֵ֠לֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה (ʾelleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “These”; Notes: Refers to the following statutes and judgments.
- הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים (ha-chuqim) – Root: חקק (chaqaq); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the statutes”; Notes: Refers to decrees or ordinances established by YHWH.
- וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ (ve-ha-mishpatim) – Root: שפט (shafat); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article and conjunction; Translation: “and the judgments”; Notes: Refers to legal rulings or laws.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- תִּשְׁמְר֣וּן (tishmerun) – Root: שמר (shamar); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall carefully do”; Notes: Refers to observing and obeying.
- לַעֲשֹׂות֒ (la-asot) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Refers to carrying out the statutes and judgments.
- בָּאָ֕רֶץ (ba-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾaretz); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article and preposition; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Refers to the promised land.
- אֲשֶׁר֩ (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- נָתַ֨ן (natan) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has given”; Notes: Refers to YHWH granting the land.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֱלֹהֵ֧י (ʾelohei) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the God of”; Notes: Refers to the deity of Israel.
- אֲבֹתֶ֛יךָ (avotekha) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “your fathers”; Notes: Refers to the patriarchs of Israel.
- לְךָ֖ (lekha) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Indicates possession.
- לְרִשְׁתָּ֑הּ (le-rishtah) – Root: ירש (yarash); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition and 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to possess it”; Notes: Refers to taking control of the land.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Refers to the duration of the command.
- הַיָּמִ֔ים (ha-yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the days”; Notes: Refers to the time span of the command’s applicability.
- אֲשֶׁר־ (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- אַתֶּ֥ם (atem) – Root: את (ʾat); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- חַיִּ֖ים (chayim) – Root: חיה (chayah); Form: Adjective, masculine plural; Translation: “live”; Notes: Refers to the duration of their life.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition; Translation: “on”; Notes: Indicates location.
- הָאֲדָמָֽה׃ (ha-adamah) – Root: אדמה (ʾadamah); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Refers to the land where they will live.