אַבֵּ֣ד תְּ֠אַבְּדוּן אֶֽת־כָּל־הַמְּקֹמֹ֞ות אֲשֶׁ֧ר עָֽבְדוּ־שָׁ֣ם הַגֹּויִ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֛ם יֹרְשִׁ֥ים אֹתָ֖ם אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם עַל־הֶהָרִ֤ים הָֽרָמִים֙ וְעַל־הַגְּבָעֹ֔ות וְתַ֖חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָן׃
You shall surely destroy all the places where the nations whom you are dispossessing served their gods, on the high mountains, on the hills, and under every green tree.
Morphology
- אַבֵּ֣ד (abbed) – Root: אבד (ʾabad); Form: Piel infinitive absolute; Translation: “You shall surely destroy”; Notes: Emphasizes the certainty and intensity of the command.
- תְּ֠אַבְּדוּן (te-abbedun) – Root: אבד (ʾabad); Form: Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you shall destroy”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites’ responsibility to obliterate pagan worship sites.
- אֶֽת־ (et) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Marks the direct object of the verb.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Refers to the entirety of the worship sites.
- הַמְּקֹמֹ֞ות (ha-mekomot) – Root: מקום (maqom); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the places”; Notes: Refers to locations of pagan worship.
- אֲשֶׁ֧ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “where”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- עָֽבְדוּ־ (ʿavdu) – Root: עבד (ʿavad); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they served”; Notes: Refers to the nations’ worship of their gods.
- שָׁ֣ם (sham) – Root: שם (sham); Form: Adverb; Translation: “there”; Notes: Indicates the location of the worship.
- הַגֹּויִ֗ם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers to the non-Israelite peoples.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Refers to the nations being dispossessed.
- אַתֶּ֛ם (atem) – Root: את (ʾat); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- יֹרְשִׁ֥ים (yorashim) – Root: ירש (yarash); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “are dispossessing”; Notes: Refers to taking over the land of the nations.
- אֹתָ֖ם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the nations.
- אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם (et-eloheihem) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their gods”; Notes: Refers to the deities worshipped by the nations.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition; Translation: “on”; Notes: Refers to the locations of worship.
- הֶהָרִ֤ים (he-harim) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “the mountains”; Notes: Refers to high places of worship.
- הָֽרָמִים֙ (ha-ramim) – Root: רם (ram); Form: Adjective, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “high”; Notes: Describes the elevated mountains.
- וְעַל־ (ve-ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with conjunction; Translation: “and on”; Notes: Links the locations.
- הַגְּבָעֹ֔ות (ha-gevʿot) – Root: גבע (givʿah); Form: Noun, feminine plural with definite article; Translation: “the hills”; Notes: Refers to smaller elevated locations.
- וְתַ֖חַת (ve-tachat) – Root: תחת (tachat); Form: Preposition with conjunction; Translation: “and under”; Notes: Refers to positions beneath objects.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “every”; Notes: Refers to all trees used in worship.
- עֵ֥ץ (ʿets) – Root: עץ (ʿets); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “tree”; Notes: Refers to the physical object.
- רַעֲנָן׃ (raʿanan) – Root: רענן (raʿanan); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “green”; Notes: Refers to the vibrant and lush condition of the trees.