כִּֽי־יִמְצָ֣א אִ֗ישׁ נער בְתוּלָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־אֹרָ֔שָׂה וּתְפָשָׂ֖הּ וְשָׁכַ֣ב עִמָּ֑הּ וְנִמְצָֽאוּ׃
If a man finds a young virgin who is not betrothed, and he seizes her and lies with her, and they are found out.
Morphology
- כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “If”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- יִמְצָ֣א (yimtsa) – Root: מצא (matsa); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “finds”; Notes: Describes an action.
- אִ֗ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- נער (naʿara) – Root: נער (naʿar); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a young woman”; Notes: Refers to an unmarried girl.
- בְתוּלָה֙ (betulah) – Root: בתל (btl); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a virgin”; Notes: Denotes an unmarried woman.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- לֹא־ (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- אֹרָ֔שָׂה (orasah) – Root: ארש (ʾaras); Form: Pual perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “was betrothed”; Notes: Passive construction.
- וּתְפָשָׂ֖הּ (u-tefashah) – Root: תפש (taphas); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with suffix; Translation: “and he seizes her”; Notes: Indicates physical action.
- וְשָׁכַ֣ב (ve-shakhav) – Root: שכב (shakhav); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he lies”; Notes: Describes an action.
- עִמָּ֑הּ (immah) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition with pronoun; Translation: “with her”; Notes: Indicates interaction.
- וְנִמְצָֽאוּ׃ (ve-nimtsu) – Root: מצא (matsa); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “and they are found out”; Notes: Passive action indicating discovery.