כִּֽי־יִקַּ֥ח אִ֛ישׁ אִשָּׁ֖ה וּבְעָלָ֑הּ וְהָיָ֞ה אִם־לֹ֧א תִמְצָא־חֵ֣ן בְּעֵינָ֗יו כִּי־מָ֤צָא בָהּ֙ עֶרְוַ֣ת דָּבָ֔ר וְכָ֨תַב לָ֜הּ סֵ֤פֶר כְּרִיתֻת֙ וְנָתַ֣ן בְּיָדָ֔הּ וְשִׁלְּחָ֖הּ מִבֵּיתֹֽו׃
When a man takes a wife and marries her, and it happens that she does not find favor in his eyes because he has found some indecency in her, he shall write for her a scroll of divorce, put it in her hand, and send her away from his house.
Morphology
- כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “When”; Notes: Introduces a conditional clause.
- יִקַּ֥ח (yiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “takes”; Notes: Refers to marriage.
- אִ֛ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the sentence.
- אִשָּׁ֖ה (ishah) – Root: אשה (ishah); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “a wife”; Notes: Refers to the woman being married.
- וּבְעָלָ֑הּ (u-veʿalah) – Root: בעל (baʿal); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with suffix; Translation: “and marries her”; Notes: Indicates consummation of marriage.
- וְהָיָ֞ה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it happens”; Notes: Introduces a change of condition.
- אִם־ (im) – Root: אם (im); Form: Conditional particle; Translation: “if”; Notes: Introduces a hypothetical condition.
- לֹ֧א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the verb.
- תִמְצָא־ (timtsa) – Root: מצא (matsa); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “she finds”; Notes: Refers to subjective perception.
- חֵ֣ן (ḥen) – Root: חן (ḥen); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “favor”; Notes: Refers to subjective approval.
- בְּעֵינָ֗יו (be-ʿeinav) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun, feminine dual with preposition and suffix; Translation: “in his eyes”; Notes: Specifies the man’s perception.
- כִּי־ (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces reason.
- מָ֤צָא (matsa) – Root: מצא (matsa); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he has found”; Notes: Indicates discovery.
- בָהּ֙ (bah) – Root: ב (b); Form: Preposition with pronoun; Translation: “in her”; Notes: Specifies location.
- עֶרְוַ֣ת (ʿervat) – Root: ערוה (ʿervah); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “indecency”; Notes: Refers to moral impurity.
- דָּבָ֔ר (davar) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “thing”; Notes: Generalizes the issue.
- וְכָ֨תַב (ve-katav) – Root: כתב (katav); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he shall write”; Notes: Expresses obligation.
- לָ֜הּ (lah) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition with pronoun; Translation: “for her”; Notes: Specifies recipient.
- סֵ֤פֶר (sefer) – Root: ספר (sefer); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a scroll”; Notes: Refers to legal documentation.
- כְּרִיתֻת֙ (keritut) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “of divorce”; Notes: Specifies the document’s purpose.
- וְנָתַ֣ן (ve-natan) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he shall put”; Notes: Describes legal procedure.
- בְּיָדָ֔הּ (be-yadah) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition and suffix; Translation: “in her hand”; Notes: Specifies delivery.
- וְשִׁלְּחָ֖הּ (ve-shilleḥah) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular with suffix; Translation: “and send her away”; Notes: Finalizes the divorce.
- מִבֵּיתֹֽו׃ (mi-beito) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition and suffix; Translation: “from his house”; Notes: Specifies departure.