וַיִּכָּֽנְעוּ֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְלֹא־יָסְפ֣וּ עֹ֔וד לָבֹ֖וא בִּגְב֣וּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַתְּהִ֤י יַד־יְהוָה֙ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י שְׁמוּאֵֽל׃
And the Pelishtim were subdued, and they did not again come into the border of Yisraʾel, and the hand of YHWH was against the Pelishtim all the days of Shemuʾel.
Morphology
- וַיִּכָּֽנְעוּ֙ (vayyikkanʿu) – Root: כנע (kanaʿ); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they were subdued”; Notes: Passive form.
- הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (ha-Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת (Peleshet); Form: Proper noun, plural definite; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- וְלֹא־ (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction with negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces negation.
- יָסְפ֣וּ (yasfu) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they did again”; Notes: Expresses continuation.
- עֹ֔וד (ʿod) – Root: עוד (ʿod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “again”; Notes: Indicates repetition.
- לָבֹ֖וא (lavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to come”; Notes: Infinitive expressing purpose.
- בִּגְב֣וּל (bigvul) – Root: גבול (gvul); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “into the border of”; Notes: Indicates location.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- וַתְּהִ֤י (vatehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (consecutive imperfect) 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Marks continuation.
- יַד־יְהוָה֙ (yad-YHWH) – Root: יד (yad), יהוה (YHWH); Form: Noun construct with proper noun; Translation: “the hand of YHWH”; Notes: Symbol of divine intervention.
- בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים (ba-Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת (Peleshet); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “against the Pelishtim”; Notes: Denotes opposition.
- כֹּ֖ל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Expresses duration.
- יְמֵ֥י (yemei) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the days of”; Notes: Refers to a time period.
- שְׁמוּאֵֽל (Shemuʾel) – Root: שמואל (Shemuʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shemuʾel”; Notes: Refers to the prophet Samuel.