1 Samuel 14:41

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֗וּל אֶל־יְהוָ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הָ֣בָה תָמִ֑ים וַיִּלָּכֵ֧ד יֹונָתָ֛ן וְשָׁא֖וּל וְהָעָ֥ם יָצָֽאוּ׃

And Shaʾul said to YHWH, the God of Yisraʾel, “Grant a perfect decision.” And Yonatan and Shaʾul were taken, but the people went out.

Morphology

1. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
2. שָׁא֗וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to the first king of Yisraʾel.
3. אֶל־יְהוָ֛ה (ʾel-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Directs the statement to the divine.
4. אֱלֹהֵ֥י (ʾelohei) – Root: אלהים (ʾelohim); Form: Noun, masculine plural with construct state; Translation: “the Elohim of”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s role.
5. יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the nation.
6. הָ֣בָה (havah) – Root: יהב (yahav); Form: Imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Grant”; Notes: Requesting divine judgment.
7. תָמִ֑ים (tamim) – Root: תמם (tamam); Form: Adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “perfect”; Notes: Describes the decision being sought.
8. וַיִּלָּכֵ֧ד (vayyillaked) – Root: לכד (lakad); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he was taken”; Notes: Refers to divine selection.
9. יֹונָתָ֛ן (Yonatan) – Root: יונתן (Yonatan); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yonatan”; Notes: The son of Shaʾul.
10. וְשָׁא֖וּל (ve-Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “and Shaʾul”; Notes: Parallel to Yonatan.
11. וְהָעָ֥ם (vehaʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “and the people”; Notes: Contrasted with Shaʾul and Yonatan.
12. יָצָֽאוּ (yatzaʾu) – Root: יצא (yatzaʾ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “went out”; Notes: Indicates their exclusion.