וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְדָוִ֗ד ס וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיָּבֹ֖א חֵלָ֑אמָה וַיַּעַרְכ֤וּ אֲרָם֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ עִמֹּֽו׃
And it was told to Dawid and he gathered all Yisraʾel and crossed over the Yarden, and he came to Ḥelʾama. And Aram arranged themselves to meet Dawid and fought with him.
Morphology
- וַיֻּגַּ֣ד (vayyuggad) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Pual wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it was told”; Notes: Passive; information reaches Dawid.
- לְדָוִ֗ד (le-Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Indirect object of the report.
- ס (Selah) – Notes: Scribal notation, possibly marking a pause or division.
- וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף (vayyeʾesof) – Root: אסף (ʾasaf); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he gathered”; Notes: Dawid assembling troops.
- אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (et-kol-Yisraʾel) – Roots: את, כל, ישראל; Form: Definite direct object + totality + proper noun; Translation: “all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Collective military mobilization.
- וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר (vayyaʿavor) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he crossed over”; Notes: Crossing the Yarden into enemy territory.
- אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן (et-ha-Yarden) – Root: ירדן (Yarden); Form: Direct object marker + proper noun with article; Translation: “the Yarden”; Notes: The Jordan River.
- וַיָּבֹ֖א (vayyavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he came”; Notes: Dawid’s arrival at location of battle.
- חֵלָ֑אמָה (Ḥelʾamah) – Root: חלאמה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Ḥelʾamah”; Notes: Site of the ensuing battle.
- וַיַּעַרְכ֤וּ (vayyaʿarkhu) – Root: ערך (ʿarakh); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they arranged”; Notes: Military formation.
- אֲרָם֙ (Aram) – Root: ארם (Aram); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Aram”; Notes: Enemy forces.
- לִקְרַ֣את (liqrat) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Preposition + infinitive construct; Translation: “to meet”; Notes: Purpose clause.
- דָּוִ֔ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Object of Aram’s formation.
- וַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ (vayyillaḥamu) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Nifal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they fought”; Notes: Aram engaging in battle.
- עִמֹּֽו (ʿimmo) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with him”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.