יְהוָה֙ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יָבֹ֔וא עִם־זִקְנֵ֥י עַמֹּ֖ו וְשָׂרָ֑יו וְאַתֶּם֙ בִּֽעַרְתֶּ֣ם הַכֶּ֔רֶם גְּזֵלַ֥ת הֶֽעָנִ֖י בְּבָתֵּיכֶֽם׃
YHWH will enter into judgment with the elders of His people and its princes. And you, you have devoured the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses.
Morphology
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The subject of the verb “will enter.”
- בְּמִשְׁפָּט (be-mishpat) – Root: שׁפט; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in judgment”; Notes: Refers to legal or judicial action.
- יָבֹוא (yavo) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He will come” or “will enter”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s approach to judge.
- עִם־זִקְנֵי (ʿim-ziqnei) – Root: זקן; Form: Preposition + masculine plural construct; Translation: “with the elders of”; Notes: Leaders of the community, held accountable.
- עַמּוֹ (ammo) – Root: עם; Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His people”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel or Yehudah.
- וְשָׂרָיו (ve-sarav) – Root: שר; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and its princes”; Notes: The political or administrative rulers.
- וְאַתֶּם (ve-atem) – Root: אתם; Form: Conjunction + independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “and you”; Notes: Switches to direct address, accusatory tone.
- בִּעַרְתֶּם (biʿartem) – Root: בער; Form: Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you have devoured” or “laid waste”; Notes: Violent consumption or destruction.
- הַכֶּרֶם (ha-kerem) – Root: כרם; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the vineyard”; Notes: Often symbolizes YHWH’s people or their land.
- גְּזֵלַת (gezelat) – Root: גזל; Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the plunder of” or “robbery of”; Notes: Refers to unjust gain or exploitation.
- הֶעָנִי (he-ʿani) – Root: ענה; Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the poor”; Notes: Victims of injustice.
- בְּבָתֵּיכֶם (be-vatteikhem) – Root: בית; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “in your houses”; Notes: The fruit of exploitation is in their possession.