Isaiah 24:10

נִשְׁבְּרָ֖ה קִרְיַת־תֹּ֑הוּ סֻגַּ֥ר כָּל־בַּ֖יִת מִבֹּֽוא׃

Shattered is the city of chaos; every house is shut up from entering.

Morphology

1. נִשְׁבְּרָ֖ה (nishberah) – Root: שׁבר; Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “is shattered”; Notes: Passive form emphasizing destruction; feminine subject agrees with “city.”
2. קִרְיַת־תֹּ֑הוּ (qiryat-tohu) – Root: קריה / תהו; Form: Construct chain: noun feminine singular + noun masculine singular; Translation: “city of chaos”; Notes: Descriptive phrase denoting a place of desolation or emptiness.
3. סֻגַּ֥ר (suggar) – Root: סגר; Form: Pual perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “is shut up”; Notes: Indicates that something is closed off completely, used impersonally here.
4. כָּל־בַּ֖יִת (kol-bayit) – Root: בית; Form: Noun masculine singular in construct with quantifier; Translation: “every house”; Notes: Subject of the verb “is shut up.”
5. מִבֹּֽוא (mi-vo) – Root: בוא; Form: Preposition מִן + Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “from entering”; Notes: Explains the reason the houses are shut—no one may come in.