Isaiah 34:5

כִּֽי־רִוְּתָ֥ה בַשָּׁמַ֖יִם חַרְבִּ֑י הִנֵּה֙ עַל־אֱדֹ֣ום תֵּרֵ֔ד וְעַל־עַ֥ם חֶרְמִ֖י לְמִשְׁפָּֽט׃

For my sword has drunk its fill in the heavens; behold, it shall descend upon Edom, and upon the people of my ban, for judgment.

Morphology

1. כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a causal or explanatory clause.
2. רִוְּתָ֥ה (rivetah) – Root: רוה; Form: Piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has drunk its fill”; Notes: Refers metaphorically to the sword being satiated with blood or violence.
3. בַשָּׁמַ֖יִם (ba-shamayim) – Root: שמים; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “in the heavens”; Notes: Possibly symbolic of celestial conflict or divine judgment.
4. חַרְבִּ֑י (ḥarbi) – Root: חרב; Form: Noun feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my sword”; Notes: Possessive, referring to YHWH’s instrument of judgment.
5. הִנֵּה֙ (hinneh) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Signals attention to a coming action.
6. עַל־אֱדֹ֣ום (ʿal-ʾEdom) – Root: אדום; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “upon Edom”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Edom, symbolizing enemies of Israel.
7. תֵּרֵ֔ד (tered) – Root: ירד; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it shall descend”; Notes: Subject is the sword, feminine in gender.
8. וְעַל־עַ֥ם (ve-ʿal-ʿam) – Root: עם; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and upon a people”; Notes: Introduces a second object of divine judgment.
9. חֶרְמִ֖י (ḥermi) – Root: חרם; Form: Noun masculine singular in construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “of my ban”; Notes: Refers to a people devoted to destruction under divine judgment.
10. לְמִשְׁפָּֽט׃ (le-mishpaṭ) – Root: שפט; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for judgment”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the sword’s descent.